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i 


-^  E.  &• 


CONNECTICUT 


AGRICDLTIIRAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION 


NEV^^     HAVEN,    CONN, 


BULLETIN   141,  JANUARY,   1903. 


Commercial  Feeding  Stuffs  in  the 
Connecticut  Market. 


CONTENTS. 

Page 

Cotton  Seed  Meal 3 

Linseed  Meal 4 

Wheat  Products 5 

Adulterated  Wheat  Feed 8 

Maize  Meal 11 

Gluten  Meal  and  Gluten  Feeds 11 

Hominy  Meal 13 

Rye  Products _.  14 

Malt  Sprouts  and  Brewers'  Grains 14 

Oat  Products 14 

Buckwheat  Products 15 

Factory  Mixed  Feeds  and  Miscellaneous 15 

The  Digestibility  of  Feeding  Stuffs 19 

On  the  Purchase  of  Feeding  Stuffs _ 20 

Weight  of  One  Quart  of  Various  Feeds    24 

Summary 25 

Tables  of  Analyses - 26-57 


The  Bulletins  of  this  Station  are  mailed  free  to  all  citizens  of  Con- 
necticut who  apply  for  them,  and  to  others  as  far  as  the  limited  edi- 
tions permit. 


CONKECTICUT  A&RICOLTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION. 


BOARD   OF   CONTROL. 

Ex  officio. 
His  Excellency  Abiram   Chamberlain,  President. 

Prof.  W.  O.  Atwater  Middletown. 

Prof.  W.  H.  Brewer,  Secretary  New  Haven. 

B.  W.  Collins   Meriden. 

T.  S.  Gold  West  Cornwall. 

Edwin  Hoyt   New  Canaan. 

J.  H.  Webb   Hamden. 

E.  H.  Jenkins,  Director  and  Treasurer  New  Haven. 


STATION    STAFF. 

Chemists. 

Analytical  Laboratory. 

A.  L.  Winton,  Ph.B.,  Chemist  in  charge. 

A.  W.  Ogden,  Ph.B.  M.  Silverman,  Ph.B. 

E.  Monroe  Bailey,  Ph.B. 

Laboratory  for  the  Study  of  Proteids. 

T.  B.  Osrorne,  Ph.D.,  Chemist  in  charge. 

I.  F.  Harris,  B.S. 

Botanist. 
G.  P.  Clinton,  S.D. 

Entomologist. 
W.  E.  Britton,  B.S. 

Assistant  to  the  Entomologist. 
B.  H.  Walden,  B.Agr. 

In  charge  of  Forestry  Work. 
Walter  Mulford,  F.E. 

Grass  Gardener. 
James  B.  Olcott,  South  Manchester. 

Stenographers  and  Clerks. 

Miss  V.  E.  Cole. 
Miss  L.  M.  Brautlecht. 

In  charge  of  Buildings  and  Grounds. 
William  Veitch. 

Laboratory  Helpers. 
Hugo  Lange.  William  Pokrob. 

Sampling  Agent. 
V.  L.  Churchill,  New  Haven. 


COTTON   SEED  MEAL. 


THE  COMPOSITION  OF  THE  COMMERCIAL  FEED- 
ING STUFFS  AT  PRESENT  SOLD  IN  CONNEC- 
TICUT.* 

During  the  month  of  October,  1902,  Mr.  Churchill,  samp- 
ling agent  of  this  Station,  collected  three  hundred  and  five  sam- 
ples of  commercial  feeding  stuffs,  mostly  in  the  hands  of 
dealers,  in  forty-nine  towns  and  villages  of  this  State. 

The  analyses  of  these  feeds  and  of  a  few  others  sent  by  pur- 
chasers appear  in  Table  IV,  pages  26-57. 

This  table  shows : 

1.  The  chemical  analysis  of  each  sample,  determined,  as 
required  by  statute,  by  the  methods  adopted  by  the  American 
Association  of  Official  Agricultural  Chemists. 

2.  The  average  composition  of  each  feed  as  determined  by 
the  analyses. 

3.  The  percentages  of  digestible  nutrients  in  the  feeds. 
These  are  calculated  by  the  digestion  coefficients,  compiled  by 
Dr.  Jordan,  and  printed  in  Bulletin  jy  of  the  Office  of  Experi- 
ment Stations.  The  coefficients,  so  far  as  they  apply  to  the 
feeds  discussed  in  this  report,  are  given  in  Table  I,  page  20. 

On  following  pages  the  analyses  are  discussed  in  the  order  of 
their  place  in  Table  IV. 

Cotton  Seed  Meal. 

Analyses  on  pages  26-27. 

The  percentages  of  protein  in  the  eight  samples  which  were 
completely  analyzed  ranged  from  39.87  to  45.37,  the  average 
being  42.96.  Two  samples  having  less  protein  than  the  others, 
Nos.  7605  and  7660,  contained  larger  percentages  of  fiber,  indi- 
cating a  less  satisfactory  separation  of  hulls. 

The  cotton  seed  oil  producers  prescribe  that  either  "choice" 
or  "prime"  cotton  seed  meal  shall  contain  not  less  than  eight 
per  cent,  of  ammonia;  which  is  equivalent  to  41.12  per  cent,  of 
protein.  The  two  samples  above  mentioned  are,  therefore,  on 
this  basis,  neither  "choice"  nor  "prime"  meal. 

*  The  microscopic  work  in  connection  with  the  analyses  reported  in  this 
paper  was  wholly  done  by  Mr.  Winton  ;  the  chemical  analyses  were  made 
by  Messrs.  Ogden,  Silverman  and  Bailey  ;  the  results  were  prepared  for 
publication  by  the  director. 


4  CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

The  average  percentages  of  protein  and  fat,  as  determined  at 
this  Station,  and  the  average  prices,  at  the  time  the  samples 
were  drawn,  have  been  as  follows  for  the  last  four  years : 

1899  1900  1901  1902 

No.  of  Samples 10  4  6                  8 

Percentage  of  Protein 46.4  43.9  44.4  43.0* 

"             "   Fat 10.4  8.6  9.8  10.3 

Average  price $24.00  27.00  28.80  29.70 

The  price  of  cotton  seed  meal  has  steadily  risen  in  the  last 
four  years,  and  the  average  percentage  of  protein  has  on  the 
whole  declined. 

Guaranties. 

Three  of  the  samples  were  reported  without  the  guaranty 
required  by  law  :  Nos.  7665,  9749  and  4604.  7605  was  guaran- 
teed to  contain  "7^  per  cent,  of  ammonia,"  which  is  equiva- 
lent to  38.6  per  cent,  of  protein.  The  sample  contained  40.5 
per  cent.  All  the  other  samples  had  a  guaranty  of  43  per 
cent,  of  protein  and  9  of  fat.  The  only  sample  which  failed  to 
substantially  meet  this  guaranty  was  7660,  which  contained  3 
per  cent,  less  of  protein  and  somewhat  less  of  fat. 

Linseed  Meal. 

Analyses  on  pages  26-27. 

"Linseed  Meal,"  "Oil  Meal,"  and  "Flax  Seed  Meal"  are 
trade  names  for  ground  flax  seed  from  which  more  or  less  of 
the  oil  has  been  removed.  By  the  "old  process"  the  oil  is 
partly  removed  by  pressure,  leaving,  however,  from  5  to  10 
per  cent,  of  oil,  "fat,"  in  the  meal.  By  the  "new  process"  the 
oil  is  so  far  extracted  with  benzine  as  to  1-eave  less  than  two 
and  a  half  per  cent,  in  the  meal.  New  process  meal  is  more 
uniform  in  composition  and  contains  more  protein  than  old 
process  meal.  All  the  samples  of  each  kind  analyzed  this  year 
have  been  of  good  quality  and  unadulterated.  The  average 
percentages  of  protein  and  fat  found  in  linseed  meal  for  the  last 
four  years,  as  determined  at  this  Station,  with  the  average 
prices  at  the  time  the  samples  were  drawn,  are  as  follows : 


43.7  including  4  other  partial  analyses. 


LINSEED  MEAL. 

New  Process.  Old  Process. 


1899  1900  I9OI  1902    1899  1900  I9OI   1902 

No.  of  Samples 4234  8346 

Percentage  of    Protein     37.7     38.4     39.0     39.8  33.8     31.3     34.4     32.8 
"  -          "     Fat  ---       2.4       2.4       1.8       2.1  7.7       6.7       7.7       7.8 

Average  price $28.10  32.50  30.00  31.00  29.00  31.00  30.50  32.00 

Guaranties. 

Thirty-eight  per  cent,  of  protein  and  3  per  cent,  of  fat  is  the 
guaranty  on  all  the  samples  of  new  process  linseed  meal,  whose 
analyses  are  given  in  Table  IV,  and  all  meet  this  guaranty  as 
respects  protein.  None  of  them  have  3  per  cent,  of  fat 
determined  by  the  method  prescribed  by  the  Association  of 
Official  Chemists. 

Of  the  old  process  meals,  Nos.  7651,  7606,  and  7562,  meet 
the  guaranty  of  32  per  cent,  protein  and  5  of  fat.  7613  has  a 
guaranty  of  34  per  cent,  protein  and  6.30  of  fat.  The  protein 
found  is  2^  per  cent,  below  guaranty.  7471  has  a  guaranty 
of  37.8  per  cent,  protein  and  7.5  of  fat.  The  protein  found  is 
2.8  per  cent,  less  than  the  guaranty.  No  guaranty  was  given 
with  No.  7693. 

Wheat  Products. 

These  are  by-products  in  the  manufacture  of  wheat  flour. 
Several  different  processes  of  milling  are  in  common  use,  yield- 
ing by-products  which  are  not  entirely  alike  in  composition. 
The  products  made  from  winter  wheat  also  differ  in  composi- 
tion from  those  from  spring  wheat. 

Wheat  Bran  consists  of  the  outer  layers  of  the  wheat  berry, 
which  are  dark  in  color  and  do  not  easily  pulverize. 

Wheat  Middlings,  as  found  in  the  feed  market,  consist  of 
inner  layers  of  the  covering  of  the  berry,  which  are  lighter  in 
color  and  more  easily  pulverized  than  bran,  and  of  other  parts 
from  which  fine  white  flour  cannot  be  made. 

Red  Dog  Flour  is  the  poorest  grade  of  flour ;  off  color  and 
often  sold  as  a  cattle  food. 

Many  mills  do  not  sell  bran  and  middlings  separately,  but 
run  them  together,  often  with  other  waste  wheat  products, 
and  sell  the  mixture  as   "Mixed  Feed." 

With  a  single  exception  the  samples  of  wheat  feed  were  not 
accompanied,  as  is  required  by  law,  with  any  statements  of 
composition. 

In  Table  IV  the  wheat  products  from  the  mills  named  below 
are  classed  as  winter  wheat. 


CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 


Acme  Milling  Co.,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

American  Cereal  Co.,  Chicago. 

Blish  Milling  Co.,  Seymour,  Ind. 

Camp  Spring  Mill  Co.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Cole,  H.  C,  Milling  Co.,  Chester,  111. 

Dow  &  King,  Pittsfield,  111. 

Eldred  Mill  Co.,  Jackson,  Mich. 

Evans,  Geo.  F.,  Hoosier  Mills,  Indian- 
apolis, Ind. 

Hannibal  Milling  Co.,  Hannibal,  Mo. 

Harter,  Isaac,  &  Co.,  Galena,  O. 

Hecker-Jones-Jewell  Milling  Co.,  N.  Y. 

Holly  Milling  Co. 

Hunter  Bros.,  St.  Louis. 

J.  E.  M.  Mill  Co.,  Frankfort,  Ky. 

Jenks,  J.,  &  Co.,  Sand  Beach,  Mich. 

Kane  Mill  Co.,  Atchison,  Kansas. 

Kehlor  Bros.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Lawrenceburg  Roller  Mills  Co.,  "Snow- 
flake,"  Lawrenceburg,  Ind. 

Lexington  Roller  Mill  Co.,  Lexington, 
Ky. 

Maumee  Valley  Milling  Co.,  Defiance, 
Ohio. 


McDaniel  &  Pitman  Co.,  Franklin,  Ind. 

Meyer,  J.  T.,  &  Co.,  Clinton,  Mo. 

Miles  &  Son,  Frankfort,  Ky. 

Model  Roller  Mills,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Moore,  R.  P.,  Milling  Co.,  Princeton, 
Ind. 

Rex  Milling  Co.,  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

Saginaw  Milling  Co.,  Saginaw,  Mich. 

Saint  Jacob  Enterprise  Mill  Co.,  St. 
Louis. 

Scott's  Flour  Mills,  Detroit,  Mich. 

Sparks  Milling  Co.,  Alton,  111. 

Stock,  F.  W.,  Hillsdale,  Mich. 

Taylor  Bros.  Milling  Co.,  Quincy,  111. 

Valiers  &  Spier  Mill  Co.,  Marine,  111. 

Valley  City  Milling  Co.,  Grand  Rapids, 
Mich. 

Voigt  Milling  Co.,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 

Wabash  Mills,  Terre  Haute,  Ind. 

Walsh  De  Roo  Milling  Co.,  Holland, 
Mich. 

Washington  Flour  Mill  Co.,  Washing- 
ton, Mo. 


The  wheat  products  from  the  following  mills  are  classed  as 
from  spring  wheat. 


Anchor  Milling  Co.,  Superior,  Wis. 
Andrews  &  Co.,  Minneapolis. 
Banner  Milling  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 
Bay  State  Milling  Co.,  Winona,  Wis. 
Berger,  Anderson  Co.,  Milwaukee. 
Brayton  Milling  Co.,  Minneapolis. 
Cataract  City  Mill  Co.,  Niagara  Falls, 

N.  Y. 
Central    Valley    Milling    Co.,    Buffalo, 

N.  Y. 
Daisy  Roller  Mill  Co.,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 
Davis  Co.,  J.  G. 

Duluth  Imperial  Mill  Co.,  Duluth. 
Freemen  Milling  Co.,  Superior,  Wis. 
Gardner  Mill,  Hastings,  Minn. 
Grafton  Roller  Mills,  Grafton,  N.  D. 
Imperial  Mill  Co.,  Duluth,  Minn. 
H.  H.  King  &  Co.,  Minneapolis. 
Lake  Superior  Mills,  Superior,  Wis. 
Listman,  Wm.,  Milling  Co.,   Superior, 

Wis.,  and  Lacrosse,  Wis. 
Miner-Hillard     Milling     Co.,     Wilkes 

Barre,  Penn. 


Minkota  Milling  Co.,  Superior,  Wis. 

Moseley  &  Motley  Milling  Co.,  Roches- 
ter, N.  Y. 

New  Prague  Milling  Co.,  New  Prague, 
Minn. 

New  York  City  Mill  Co. 

North  Dakota  Milling  Association,  No. 
Dakota. 

North  Western  Consolidated  Milling 
Co.,  Minneapolis. 

Pillsbury- Washburn  Co.,  Minneapolis. 

Red  Lake  Falls  Milling  Co.,  Red  Lake, 
Minn. 

Russell  &  Miller  Milling  Co.,  Superior, 
Wis.,  and  Valley  City,  No.  Dakota. 

Sheffield  Milling  Co.,  Faribault.  Minn. 

Star  &  Crescent  Milling  Co.,  Chicago. 

Thornton  &  Chase,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Urban  Roller  Milling  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Washburn-Crosby  Co.,  IMinneapolis. 

Whitney  &  Wilson,  Rochester,  N.  Y. 

Woodworth  &  Co.,  E.  S.,  Minneapolis. 


WHEAT  PRODUCTS.  ;  7 

Brun  from  Winter  Wheat. 
Analyses  on  pages  28-29. 

The  eleven  samples  whose  analyses  appear  in  the  table  were 
of  good  quality  and  not  found  in  any  instance  adulterated. 
The  percentages  of  protein  ranged  from  15.94  to  18.19. 

Bran  from  Spring  Wheat. 

Analyses  on  pages  28-31. 

The  nineteen  samples  examined  were  of  good  quality  and 
none  of  them  were  found  adulterated.  The  percentage  of 
protein  ranged  from  14.87  to  18.06,  the  average  being  a  little 
lower  than  in  winter  wheat  bran. 

Middlings. 
Analyses  on  pages  30-33. 

The  samples,  with  a  single  exception,  were  of  the  usual  com- 
position and  not  found  adulterated.  Middlings  from  spring 
wheat  contained  on  the  average  a  per  cent,  more  of  protein  than 
winter  wheat  middlings. 

Sample  7466  is  marked  "Colonial  Middlings,"  and  stated  to 
be  made  by  the  Miner,  Hillard  Milling  Co.,  Wilkesbarre,  Penn. 
It  is  not  wheat  middlings,  but  a  mixture  of  a  wheat  product  and 
of  corn  meal,  and  contains  about  1.8  per  cent,  more  of  fat  and 
6  per  cent,  less  of  protein  than  spring  wheat  middlings.  It  is 
sold  with  a  guaranty  of  13.5  per  cent,  of  protein,  6.8  of  fat  and 
62.5  of  extract.  The  protein  found  is  half  a  per  cent,  less,  and 
the  extract  nearly  2^  per  cent,  less  than  the  guaranty. 

Mixed  Feed. 

Analyses  on  pages  34-39. 

In  the  tables  are  analyses  of  34  samples  of  mixed  feed  from 
winter  wheat,  17  from  spring  wheat  and  3  which  are  unclassified. 
All  of  these  feeds  are  of  good  quality.  The  winter  and  spring 
wheat  mixed  feeds  have  substantially  the  same  percentage  of 
protein.  The  only  one  with  a  guaranty  of  composition  is  the 
Buckeye  Wheat  Feed,  made  by  the  American  Cereal  Co.  17.75 
per  cent,  of  protein  and  4.70  per  cent,  of  fat  are  guaranteed. 
Two  samples  were  found  to  contain  16.87  ^^^  ^7-75  per  cent, 
of  protein  and  4.54  and  4.57  per  cent,  of  fat  respectively. 


8  CONNECTICUT   EXPERIMENT    STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Adulterated  Mixed  Feed. 

Seven  samples  sold  as  mixed  feed  are  found  to  contain  either 
corn  bran  or  ground  corn-cobs  in  quantity  sufficient  to  seriously 
reduce  their  feeding  value.  Under  the  food  law  of  this  State 
such  mixtures  are  adulterated  and  their  sale  is  illegal.  "Mixed 
Feed"  is  a  trade  name  in  common  use,  meaning  a  pure  wheat- 
feed  made  up  of  mixed  by-products  separated  in  the  flour  mill- 
ing process.  Such  mixed  feed,  as  our  analyses  show,  has  a 
tolerably  uniform  composition,  the  protein  ranging  this  year 
from  16.31  to  19.00  per  cent.,  and  the  average  cost  being  $22.10 
per  ton. 

The  mixture  of  wheat  products  with  corn-cob  or  corn  bran, 
above  referred  to,  is  a  fraud,  when  sold  under  the  name  of 
another  article,  which  it  closely  resembles  in  appearance,  but 
to  which  it  is  quite  inferior  as  a  feed,  the  protein  ranging  from 
9.31  to  14.75  per  cent.,  while  the  price  charged  is  practically 
the  same  as  that  of  the  mixed  feed  which  it  imitates. 

Mixed  Feed  Adulterated  with  Corn  Bran. 

Nos.  7667  and  9761,  were  sold  as  "mixed  feed"  by  Johnson 
&  Morrison,  Bethel,  who  state  that  the  feed  was  bought  of 
Hollister,  Chase  &  Co.,  90  Broad  St.,  New  York. 

Messrs.  Hollister,  Chase  &  Co.,  state  that  the  car  was  bought 
by  them  of  Bernet,  Craft  &  Kauffman,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Both  samples,  as  appears  from  the  microscopic  and  chemxical 
examinations,  are  adulterated  with  enough  corn  bran  to  seriously 
reduce  their  feeding  value. 

Mixed  Feed  Adulterated  with  Corn  Cobs. 

7518.  "Jersey  Mixed  Feed."  Sampled  from  stock  of  Young 
Bros.  Co.,  bought  by  them  from  Hollister,  Chase  &  Co.  of 
90  Broad  St.,  New  York  City.  The  bags  containing  the  feed 
were  marked,  Kentucky  Milling  Co.,  Henderson,  Ky.,  and 
Hollister,  Chase  &  Co.  state  that  it  was  bought  of  this  firm. 

7589.  "Dairy  Winter  Mixed  Feed."  Sampled  from  stock  of 
G.  W.  Eaton,  Bristol,  sold  by  Henry  Jennings,  407  Cham- 
ber of  Commerce,  Boston,  Mass.,  who  states  that  it  was  bought 


^  _  ADULTERATED    WHEAT    FEEDS.  9 

\  '■-:-  '         , 

of  a  Portland  firm,  and  as  there  are  several  mills  in  Hender- 
son, Ky.,  the  goods  are  invoiced  without  the  name  of  the 
shippers. 

7596.  "Winter  Mixed  Feed."  From  stock  of  W.  O.  Good- 
sell,  Bristol,  bought  of  The  Strong  Lefferts  Co.,  New  York  City. 
We  are  unable  by  correspondence  with  this  firm  to  trace  the 
goods  any  further. 

7690.  "Winter  Mixed  Feed."  From  stock  of  Balch  &  Piatt, 
Winsted,  bought  of  the  J.  S.  Wolf  Co.,  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  which 
firm  has  not  replied  to  inquiries  concerning  it. 

4594.  "Eclipse  Mixed  Feed."  Sent  by  Miss  M.  A.  Neale, 
Southington,  from  stock  bought  of  Geo.  W.  Eaton,  Plainville. 

All  the  above  feeds  are  adulterated  with  ground  corn-cobs. 
Their  analyses  follow : 

Analyses  of  Adulterated  Mixed  Feeds. 

Henry 
Kentucky  Jennings. 

Milling  Co.  From  Mixed 

Bernet,  Craft  &  Kauffman       Henderson,     Henderson,  Strong  G.  W.  Feed. 

St.  Louis.  Ky.  Ky.  Lefferts  Co.     J.  S.  Wolf  Co.      Eaton.        Genuine.* 

7667      9761      7518      7589      7596      7690     4594 

Water 10.46  11.50  10.84  10.31  10.32  10.46  11.29 

Ash 5.94  5.46  4.80  4.38  4.25  4.23  5.36 

Protein 14-37  13.62  12.81  14.75  13.12  14.12  9.31  17.69 

Fiber 7.70  9.47  15.01  12.17  15.90  14.89  7.66 

Extract 56.04  53.61  52.89  54.30  53.24  53.01  53.28 

Fat. 5.49  6.34  3.65  4.09  3.17  3.29  4.72 

100.00         100.00         100.00         100.00         100.00         100.00  100.00 

Cost  per  ton  $20.00  21.00  21.00  23.00  22.00  23.00        23.00  22.10 


These  analyses  show  the  deficiency  in"  protein,  and  the  excess 
of  woody  fiber  which  characterize  these  spurious  "mixed  feeds." 

It  seems  quite  impossible  to  learn  anything  by  correspond- 
ence, regarding  the  manufacturers  of  them. 

Last  year  the  "Eclipse  Mixed  Feed"  was  traced  to  the  W. 
R.  Mumford  Co.  of  Chicago,  who  did  not  notice  letters  of 
inquiry  regarding  the  manufacturer  of  this  brand. 

It  is  quite  possible  that  the  retail  dealers  did  not  know  the 
spurious  nature  of  these  adulterated  feeds. 


Average  of  the  51  analyses  made  in  1902. 


10         CONNECTICUT   EXPERIMENT   STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Wholesalers  also  may  sometimes  be  deceived,  but  their  oppor- 
tunities for  learning  the  character  of  the  feed  they  sell  are  much 
better,  for  the  mills  which  produce  this  stuff  are  well  known 
in  the  trade. 

The  law  regarding  feeds  requires  that  wheat  feeds  shall  be 
sold  with  a  statement  giving  name  and  address  of  the  manu- 
facturer and  the  guaranteed  composition.  The  law  is  disre- 
garded by  dealers  and  the  excuse  is  made  that  the  enforcement 
of  the  law  would  cause  great  annoyance  in  the  trade,  and  is 
unnecessary  because  wheat  feeds  are  always  pure  and  uniform 
in  composition. 

The  fact  is  that  for  the  two  years  past  wheat  feeds  have  been 
almost  the  only  adulterated  feeds  in  our  market.  Naturally 
wheat  feed  itself  is  brought  into  some  disrepute  and  dealers  who 
sell  adulterated  articles,  whether  innocently  or  not,  come  to  be 
regarded  with  suspicion. 

Average  Composition  of  the  Various  Pure  Wheat  Products. 

The  average  composition  of  the  various  pure  wheat  feeds  sold 
in  Connecticut  in  the  last  three  years,  with  their  prices,  are 
given  in  the  following  table : 

Average  Composition  and  Price  of  Wheat  Feeds  in  Connecticut  in 
1899,  igoo,  1901  AND  1902. 

Q  Bran.  Middlings.  Mixed  Feed. 

1099  Winter.  Spring.  Winter.  Spring.  Winter.         Spring. 

Protein.. 15.9  15.6  15.8  15.6  16.8  16.8 

Fat 4.3  4.7  4.4  4-7  4-5  5-1 

Ton  price $19.80         19.14  19.00         19.25  19.44         19-25 

1900 

Protein 16. i  16.5  17.7  19.1  18. i  17.6 

Fat 4.6  5.0             4.7  5-5             4-7            5-3 

Ton  price $21.09  20.00  21.00  21.50  21.00  20.80 

1901 

Protein ..  16.3  17.3  18.0  19.7  17.5  1S.5 

Fat 4.5            4.7  5.0            5.5             4.7  5.1 

Ton  price $21.80  21.06  22.75  22.10  22.20  22.20 

T902 

Protein... 17. i  16.7  18. i  19.2  17.7  17.7 

Fat 4.6            4.9             4.4  5.4  4.6  5.1 

Ton  price $23.37  20.90  23.85  23.44  22.00  22.35 


MAIZE    PRODUCTS.  I  I 

This  table  indicates  that: 

1.  The  spring  wheat  products,  as  a  rule,  have  somewhat  higher 
percentages,  both  of  protein  and  fat,  than  the  winter  wheat 
products. 

2.  This  difference  is  rather  more  pronounced  and  constant  in 
the  case  of  middlings  than  in  that  of  either  bran  or  mixed 
feed, 

3.  The  percentages  of  protein  and  of  fat  in  bran  are  rather 
lower  than  in  either  middlings  or  mixed  feed. 

4.  On  the  average  the  winter  wheat  products  sell  at  a  slightly 
higher  price  than  the  spring  wheat  products. 

Maize  Meal. 

Analyses  on  pages  38-41. 

In  Table  IV  are  analyses  of  forty-eight  samples  drawn  by 
our  agent  in  all  parts  of  the  State. 

All  of  these  samples,  judging  from  their  water-content,  are 
ground  from  old  corn,  not  of  the  crop  of  1902.  The  percen- 
tages of  protein  range  from  9.19  to  11,  averaging  9.89,  and 
there  is  no  evidence  of  adulteration  in  any  of  them,  the  range 
of  composition  being  no  greater  than  is  usual  in  pure  maize  meal. 
The  only  sample  calling  for  special  notice  is  7307,  made  by  the 
American  Cereal  Co.  and  branded  "Buckeye  Pure  Gold." 

This  has  lower  percentages  of  protein,  fiber  and  fat  than  any 
other  sample.  Possibly  it  represents  corn  from  which  the  germ 
has  been  removed.  Apparently  no  foreign  matter  is  mixed 
with  it. 

Guaranties. 
None  of  the  samples  had  any  guaranty  of  composition. 

Gluten   Meal. 

Analyses  on  pages  40-43. 

Five  brands  of  gluten  meal  have  been  found  on  the  market 
and  their  analyses  appear  in  Table  IV.  The  names  of  these 
brands,  their  guaranties  and  also  their  average  composition,  as 
appears  from  our  analyses,  are  as  follows : 


12         CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT   STATION^    BULLETIN    I4I. 

No.  of 

Analyses.  Protein.  Fat. 

1  Pope's  Cream  Gluten,  guaranteed         34.12  3.20 

found 43.00  1.48 

2  Atlas  Gluten,  guaranteed 36.00  14.00 

found- 36.28  15.51 

3  Chicago  Gluten,  guaranteed 38.00  3.00 

found 35.46  2.82 

1  King  Gluten,  guaranteed 35.5  3.7 

found 33.75  2.04 

2  Atlantic  Gluten,  guaranteed 39.00  2.0 

found .-         46.22  2.44 

The  single  sample  of  "Pope's  Gluten"  contained  9  per  cent, 
more  of  protein  and  1.75  per  cent,  less  of  fat  than  is  guaranteed, 
differences  so  great  as  to  suggest  that  the  meal  was  in  a  package 
wrongly  tagged.  This  brand  was  found  last  year  to  contain 
about  34.5  per  cent,  of  protein  and  1.34  of  fat. 

"Atlas  gluten"  is  here  included  because  of  its  trade  name. 
It  is,  however,  totally  different  in  appearance  and  quality  from 
the  gluten  meals  obtained  from  corn  meal  in  the  glucose  manu- 
facture. It  appears  to  contain  dried  brewery  or  distillery 
products.  The  composition  fully  meets  the  guaranty.  It  con- 
tains about  the  same  percentage  of  protein  as  the  gluten  meals 
with  four  or  five  times  as  much  fat. 

The  guaranty  of  Chicago  gluten  is  stated  to  refer  to  the 
ivater-free  meal.  On  this  basis  the  samples  analyzed  contain 
an  average  of  39.6  per  cent,  of  protein  and  3.1  per  cent,  of  fat, 
which  meets  the  guaranty,  although  the  meal  with  the  usual 
water  content  contains  only  35.46  per  cent,  of  protein  and  3.1 
per  cent,  of  fat.  To  the  feeder  it  is  of  no  great  importance  to 
know  what  the  feed  would  contain  if  there  were  no  moisture  in 
it,  but  it  is  of  great  importance  to  know  what  it  contains  as  he 
finds  it  in  market.  There  is  no  good  reason  why  this  informa- 
tion should  not  be  given  in  the  guaranty.  A  guaranty  which 
does  not  give  it  is  of  no  practical  use  to  the  purchaser. 

The  analysis  of  the  single  sample  of  King  gluten  is  slightly 
below  the  guaranty  as  respects  protein  and  fat. 

One  sample  of  Atlantic  gluten,  "extra  strong,"  made  at 
Westport,  Conn.,  contains  68.88  per  cent,  of  protein,  the 
highest  percentage  of  protein  which  we  have  ever  met  with  in 
the  feed  market.  This  brand  is  not  very  uniform  in  composi- 
tion, the  percentages  of  protein  in  three  other  samples  analyzed 


HOMINY    FEED. 


13 


being  43.6,  48.9  and  52.9.  It  fully  meets  the  manufacturer's 
guaranty.  In  all  the  samples  examined  this  year  small  amounts 
of  rice  hulls  have  been  found.  Atlantic  gluten  is  made  from 
wheat. 

Gluten  Feed. 

Analyses  on  pages  42-45. 

Fifteen  analyses  of  this  material  are  given  in  Table  IV,  rep- 
resenting five  distinct  brands. 

Their  guaranties  compared  with  their  composition  are  as 
follows : — 


No.  of 
Analyses. 


Protein.  Fat. 

Buffalo  Gluten  Feed,  guaranteed  —  27.5  3.3 

found 27.2  3.2 

Globe  Gluten  Feed,  guaranteed 27.5  3.3 

found 26.5  3.5 

Pekin  Gluten  Feed,  guaranteed 27.5  3.3 

found 26.9  3.4 

Queen  Gluten  Feed,  guaranteed 27.1  3.2 

found  24.5  2.1 

Waukegan  Gluten  Feed,  guaranteed  27.3  3.3 

found 25.1  3.5 


The  analyses  of  Queen  gluten  and  Waukegan  gluten  do  not 
meet  the  manufacturers'  guaranties  in  respect  to  protein.  The 
analyses  of  the  other  brands  are  in  substantial  agreement. 

Hominy  Chops,  Hominy  Meal,  Hominy  Feed. 

Analyses  on  pages  44-47. 

Of  the  28  samples  represented  in  Table  IV,  two  are  inferior ; 
7515,  Keystone  Fancy,  sold  by  Fish  &  Co.,  N.  Y.,  and  No.  7462, 
sold  by  Narragansett  Milling  Co.  E.  Providence,  R.  I.  They 
are  deficient  in  protein  and  fat  and  contain  twice  as  much  fiber 
as  the  others.  Apparently  these  deficiencies  are  due  to  an 
undue  proportion  of  hulls.  There  is  no  indication  of  admix- 
ture with  foreign  matters.  With  these  two  exceptions  the 
samples  are  all  of  good  quality,  the  percentage  of  protein 
ranging  from  10.87  to  12.50  and  averaging  11.57  P^""  cent. 

Guaranties. 

Few  of  the  lots  of  hominy  meal  examined  by  our  sampling 
agent  had  any  guaranty,  as  required  by  the  law  concerning  feeds. 


14         CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Those  made  by  Hunter  Bros,  of  St,  Louis,  Mo.,  and  by  Suffern, 
Hunt  &  Co.,  Decatur,  111.,  had  a  guaranty  of  ii  per  cent,  pro- 
tein and  J. 'J  of  fat.  The  Buffalo  Cereal  Co.  guarantee  ii  of 
protein  and  8.5  of  fat.  Chapin  &  Co.,  of  St.  Louis,  guarantee 
ii.o  of  protein  and  8.0  of  fat,  and  C.  W.  Campbell  &  Co., 
Westerly,  R.  L,  9.0  per  cent,  of  protein  and  6.0  per  cent,  of  fat. 
The  goods  made  by  the  firms  named  were  fully  up  to  these 
guaranties. 

Rye  Bran  and  Rye  Feed. 
Analyses  on  pages  46-47. 
The  six  samples  analyzed  had  the  usual   composition,  the 
average  percentage  of  protein  being  15.43,  ranging  from  14.94 
to  16.19. 

None  of  the  samples  were  accompanied  by  a  manufacturers' 
guaranty  as  is  required  by  law. 

Barley  Products. 
Malt  Sprouts. 
Analyses  on  pages  46-47. 
The  two  samples  examined  have  about  the  usual  composition, 
27.7  per  cent,  of  protein  and  1.3  of  fat.     No.  7308  had  a  guar- 
anty of  22  per  cent,  of  protein.     Both  samples  contained  con- 
siderable black  bind  weed,  one  of  them,  7308,  cockle,  and  the 
other  wild  mustard  and  linseed;    all  being  weeds  likely  to  be 
found  in  barley. 

Dried  Brewers  Grains. 
Analyses  on  pages  48-49. 

This  feed,  comparatively  new  in  this  State,  contained, — the 
average  of  two  analyses, — 29.7  per  cent,  of  protein  and  6.9  per 
cent,  of  fat.  As  a  source  of  digestible  protein  it  ranks  with 
the  gluten  feeds. 

Oat  Products. 

Ground  Oats. 

Analyses  on  pages  48-49. 

Four  samples  of  ground  oats  had  the  average  composition, 
12.95  per  cent,  of  protein  and  4.54  of  fat. 


MISCELLANEOUS    BY-PRODUCTS.  I  5 

Royal  Oat  Feed. 

Analyses  on  pages  48-49. 

A  single  sample,  7671,  made  by  the  Great  Western  Cereal 
Co.,  consists  largely  of  oat  hulls,  as  is  shown  both  by  micro- 
scopic examination  and  by  chemical  analysis.  Eight  and  one 
fourth  per  cent,  of  protein  is  guaranteed  and  only  6.87  per  cent. 
is  found  in  it.  The  guaranty  of  fat  is  4.14  per  cent,  and  1.95 
per  cent,  is  found. 

Buckwheat  Products. 

Analyses  on  pages  48-49. 

The  middlings,  made  by  the  Quinnebaug  Mill  of  Danielson, 
have  the  usual  composition,  containing  over  28  per  cent,  of  pro- 
tein. The  hulls,  as  the  analysis  shows,  are  of  little  or  no  feeding 
value. 

Miscellaneous  By-Products. 
Analyses  on  pages  48-49. 

Here  are  included  several  kinds  of  manufacturing  refuse, 
some  of  them  having  value  as  feeds,  others  quite  worthless ;  a 
sort  of  dairymen's  "bargain  counter." 

One  sample  of  Peanut  Bran  contains  10.50  per  cent,  of  protein 
along  with  43  per  cent,  of  fiber  and  10.00  per  cent,  of  mineral 
matter,  of  which  6.2  per  cent,  is  sand. 

One  sample  of  Broken  Peanuts  contains  22.94  per  cent,  of 
protein ;  more,  that  is,  than  the  wheat  feeds,  with  32.37  per  cent, 
of  oil.  Its  richness  in  protein  suggests  its  value  as  a  feed. 
What  effect  the  oil  in  such  large  proportion  would  have  on 
dairy  products  is  a  question  which  cannot  be  answered  except 
by  experiment. 

Dried  Distiller's  Grains  containing  34.50  per  cent,  of  protein 
have  a  high  value  as  dairy  feed.  The  cost  is  also  high,  $34.10 
per  ton  in  car  lots,  delivered  in  New  Haven. 

"Cornaline"  consists  of  coffee  hulls,  of  no  value  as  a  feed 
and  used  as  an  adulterant  of  feeding  stuffs. 

Gee's  Germ  Middlings,  made  by  G.  E.  Gee  Grain  Co.,  Min- 
neapolis, Minn.,  is  a  mixture  of  ground  weed  seeds  such  as  are 
common  in  screenings ;  black  bind  weed,  yellow  and  green  fox- 
tail grass,  a  little  linseed,  etc.      The  chemical  composition  of 


1 6         CONNECTICUT   EXPERIMENT   STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

these  middlings  is  approximately  like  that  of  wheat  middlings, 
but  it  is  extremely  doubtful  if  it  has  anything  like  the  same 
feeding  value. 

"Seed  Meal"  is  a  poultry  food  prepared  from  wheat  screen- 
ings by  grinding.  It  contains  more  protein  than  Gee's  mid- 
dlings just  noticed,  but  belongs  in  the  same  class. 

"Ready  Bits"  (damaged)  is  one  of  the  cereal  breakfast 
foods. 

The  "Corn  Feed"  sent  by  Vine  Hill  Farm  Co.  is  made  up 
of  corn  bran,  chaff  from  cobs,  immature  corn  kernels,  oats,  etc. 

"White  Meal"  is  hominy  meal  or  some  similar  product 
mixed  with  salt,  of  which  the  sample  contains  1.85  per  cent. 

Miscellaneous  Mixed  Feeds. 

Provender  and  Other  Corn  and  Oat  Feeds. 

Analyses  on  pages  50-53. 

All  of  the  17  samples  of  Provender  are  of  good  quality,  the 
percentage  of  protein  ranging  from  lo.oo  to  11.19  and  aver- 
aging 10.47  per  cent.  None  of  the  samples  was  accompanied 
by  a  guaranty  of  composition. 

With  the  composition  of  this  standard  mixture,  which  should 
contain  equal  parts  of  corn  and  oats,  are  compared  in  the  follow- 
ing table  the  average  composition  of  various  other  corn  and  oat 
feeds  on  the  Connecticut  market. 

Nitrogen-free 
Protein.  Fiber.  Extract.  Fat.       Ton  price. 

Provender   10.47  3-95  67.10  4.13  $30.30 

Victor  Corn  and  Oat  Feed 9.21  11.38  61.33  4.09  24.00 

Vim  Oat  Feed 8.25  23.27  51.17  3.10  18.00 

Boss  Corn  and  Oat  Feed 8. or  14.12  59.51  2.75  24.00 

Excelsior     "             "          9.37  12.40  58.62  4.53  20.00 

De-Fi           "             "          9.25  15.30  58.77  3.19  22.00 

Diamond   Mills   Corn  and    Oat 

Feed 8.81  10.43  62.05  5.54  26.00 

Each  brand  of  these  corn  and  oat  feeds  has  a  guaranty  of 
composition  which  corresponds  with  the  composition  of  the 
articles  as  determined  by  our  analysis  except  in  the  following 
cases :  The  Boss  Corn  and  Oat  Feed  does  not  meet  the  guar- 
anty in  respect  of  fat — 4.2  guaranteed,  2.75  found — and  the 
Diamond  Mills  brand,  in  which  9.44  per  cent,  of  protein  and 
4.78  of  fat  are  guaranteed,  does  not  meet  this  guaranty. 


MISCELLANEOUS    BY-PRODUCTS.  I7 

As  far  as  known  to  us,  a  single  digestion  experiment  has  been 
made  with  Victor  Com  and  Oat  Feed.  The  digestible  nutrients 
of  provender  and  all  the  other  com  and  oat  feeds  have  been 
calculated  in  Table  IV  by  the  digestion  coefficients  which  were 
determined  in  the  single  test  made  on  one  brand.  This,  of 
course,  involves  the  assumption  that  all  are  about  equally  diges- 
tible, and  the  figures  therefore  represent  their  average  digesti- 
bility only  in  the  most  general  and  uncertain  way. 

Corn,  Oats  and  Barley. 

Analyses  on  pages  52-53. 

In  the  table  are  analyses  of  five  samples  of  "Schumacher's 
Stock  Feed,"  also  called  Schumacher's  Corn,  Oats  and  Barley. 
The  material  is  a  mixture  of  the  grains  named  and  shows  in 
these  analyses  a  uniform  composition.  The  guaranty  is  13 
per  cent,  of  protein  and  5  of  fat.  The  average  of  the  five  sam- 
ples shows  12.66  of  protein  and  5.13  per  cent,  of  fat. 

Horse  Feeds. 

Two  brands  appear  in  the  tables,  pages  52  and  53,  the  one 
made  by  the  H.  O.  Co.,  the  other  by  the  Buffalo  Cereal  Co, 
both  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.  Both  feeds  are  made  of  corn,  oat,  and 
wheat  products,  have  about  the  same  composition,  sell  at  the 
same  price,  and  meet  the  manufacturers'  guaranty. 

Poultry  Feeds. 

Analyses  on  pages  52-55. 

The  H.  O.  Poultry  Feed  contains  a  wheat  product,  corn  meal 
and  oats  without  hulls;  the  H.  O.  Scratching  Feed  consists 
of  cracked  corn,  whole  wheat,  whole  oats,  with  some  cockle, 
chess  and  bind  weed  seed;  the  Success  Poultry  Feed  consists 
of  wheat,  com  meal,  oats  and  linseed ;  and  the  American  Poul- 
try Feed,  made  by  the  American  Cereal  Co.,  contains  corn  and 
a  wheat  product. 

In  chemical  composition  these  feeds  substantially  meet  the 
manufacturers'  guaranties.  They  cost  from  $30.00  to  $38.00 
per  ton. 

Bone  and  Meat  Meal. 

Of  this  material,  chiefly  used  as  poultry  food,  six  brands  were 
found  and  analyzed,  as  appears  on  pages  54  and  55.     The  compo- 


1 8         CONNECTICUT   EXPERIMENT    STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

sition  depends  wholly  on  the  amount  of  bone  present,  and  most 
of  the  "ash"  in  the  analyses  consists  of  bone  phosphate. 

The  composition  of  several  of  these  brands  does  not  at  all 
correspond  with  the  manufacturers'  guaranty,  and  this  is 
hardly  to  be  expected  with  material  so  coarse  and  heterogeneous 
as  this. 

Proprietary  Dairy  and  Stock  Feeds. 

Analyses  on  pages  54-57. 

The  Quaker  Dairy  Feed  is  a  mixture  of  oat,  wheat  and  corn 
products  and  fully  meets  the  manufacturer's  guaranty. 

The  H.  O.  Dairy  Feed  is  a  mixture  of  oat,  wheat  and  corn 
products  with  some  cotton  seed  meal,  and  in  composition  meets 
substantially  the  guaranty. 

The  Great  Western  Dairy  Feed  consists  chiefly  of  an  oat 
product  containing  much  hulls,  as  shown  by  the  percentage  of 
fiber,  20.83  per  cent.  One  sample  contains  a  little  corn  gluten. 
The  percentage  of  protein  in  one  of  the  two  samples — 9.37 — 
was  much  less  than  the  guaranteed  percentage,  12.2. 

The  Daisy  Dairy  Feed  is  a  mixture  of  an  oat  product,  con- 
taining much  hull  and  gluten  meal.  The  single  sample  ana- 
lyzed contains  much  less  protein  and  fat  than  is  guaranteed. 

The  Lenox  Stock  Food,  a  mixture  of  cracked  corn  and  oat 
and  wheat  products,  contains  the  guaranteed  percentages  of 
both  protein  and  fat. 

The  Chester  Stock  Feed,  a  mixture  of  corn  and  oat  products 
with  some  rye,  contains  3.8  per  cent,  more  protein  than  is 
guaranteed. 

Empire  State  Corn  Feed  is  a  mixture  of  wheat  and  oat 
products  with  leaves  and  stalks  of  unidentified  plants  and  3.77 
per  cent,  of  sand.  It  scarcely  meets  the  manufacturer's  guar- 
anty as  respects  protein.  • 

The  Creamery  Feed  of  the  Buffalo  Cereal  Co.  contains  com 
gluten,  oat  and  wheat  products  and  cotton  seed  meal. 

The  Dairy  Feed  made  by  the  same  company  is  a  mixture  of 
oat  and  corn  products.  The  two  last  named  feeds  have  no 
guaranty. 

Blatchford's  Calf  Meal  contains  linseed,  beans,  cotton  seed, 
carob  beans'  and  fenugreek.  The  percentages  of  protein  and 
fat  found  in  the  meal  are  a  little  less  than  the  guaranteed  per- 
centages. 


PROPRIETARY     FEEDS.  1 9 

'  THE  DIGESTIBILITY  OF  FEEDING  STUFFS. 

A  certain  part  of  every  feeding  stuff  is  indigestible  and 
passes  through  the  body  into  the  dung  without  doing  anything 
to  sustain  the  animal.  The  value  of  a  commercial  feed  rests 
wholly  in  that  portion  of  it  which  the  animal  can,  under  favor- 
able conditions,  digest  or  appropriate  and  make  a  part  of  itself. 
Some  animals  have  greater  power  of  digestion  than  others,  and 
the  amount  of  any  ingredient,  protein,  fat,  or  fiber,  digested  by 
a  given  animal  depends  much  on  the  proportion  of  other  ingre- 
dients which  are  fed  along  with  it.  Thus,  if  starchy  matter  is 
fed  in  too  large  proportion,  a  considerable  part  of  it  will  pass 
into  the  dung  and  be  wasted.  But  fed  in  proper  fashion  over 
90  per  cent,  of  it  may  be  taken  up  by  the  body  and  nourish  it. 

Table  I  gives  the  "digestion  coefficients"  of  most  of  the 
feeds  mentioned  in  Table  IV. 

The  digestion  coefficient  of  protein,  for  example,  in  cotton 
seed  meal  is  88.  This  means  that  in  a  properly  made  ration, 
neat  cattle,  in  good  health,  may  be  expected,  on  the  average,  to 
digest  about  88  parts  out  of  every  loo  parts  of  the  protein  of 
cotton  seed  meal  of  good  quality.  The  table  has  no  great 
mathematical  precision,  but  is,  nevertheless,  a  valuable  general 
guide  in  feeding. 

The  use  of  the  table  is  quite  simple.  Suppose  analysis  shows 
a  certain  sample  of  cotton  seed  meal  to  contain  43.5  per  cent, 
of  protein ;  that  is,  43.5  pounds  of  protein  in  100  pounds  of  the 
meal.  It  is  desired  to  know  how  much  digestible  protein  is 
contained  in  100  pounds  of  meal.  The  table  of  "digestion 
coefficients"  shows  that  of  every  100  pounds  of  crude  protein 
in  cotton  seed  meal  88  pounds  are  digestible.  It  follows  by  the 
rule  of  three  (100  is  to  88  as  43.5  is  to  38.28),  that  of  the  43.5 
pounds  of  protein  38.28  pounds  are  digestible.  To  apply  the 
table,  multiply  the  percentage  found  on  analysis  by  the  proper 
coefficient  taken  from  the  table  and  divide  the  product  by  100. 
The  result  will  be  the  percentage  amount  of  digestible  protein, 
fiber,  etc.,  as  the  case  may  be. 

In  Table  IV,  under  the  averages  of  analyses,  will  be  found 
calculated  the  average  digestible  nutrients  contained  in  the  dif- 
ferent feeding  stulTs,  so  far  as  the  data  at  hand  permit. 


20         CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT   STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  I. — Digestion  Coefficients,  or  Percentages  of  the  Food 
Ingredients,  found  by  Analysis,  which  are  Digestible  by  Neat 
Cattle. 

(Jordan's  Compilation,  Office  of  Experiment  Stations,  Bulletin  77.) 

Protein. 

Cotton  Seed  Meal 88 

Linseed  Meal,  new  process.  85 

Linseed  Meal,  old  process--  89 

Corn  Meal.-- 68 

Gluten  Meal 88 

Gluten  Feed 86 

Wheat  Bran 78 

Wheat  Middlings 80 

Wheat  Mixed  Feed  80 

Oats* 78 

Rye  Meal 84 

Malt  Sprouts 80 

Dried  Brewers'  Grains 79 

H.  O.  Dairy  Feed 78 

H.  O.  Horse  Feed 74 

Quaker  Oat  Feed 81 

Quaker  Dairy  Feedf -. 78 

Victor  Corn  and  Oat  Feed:j:  71 

REGARDING  THE  PURCHASE  OF  COMMERCIAL 
FEEDING-STUFFS. 

It  needs  to  be  constantly  borne  in  mind  that  feeding-stuffs 
are  bought  to  supply  a  deficiency  of  protein  in  those  which  are 
usually  raised  on  the  farm. 

Hay,  corn  fodder,  ensilage  and  stover  form  the  basis  and 
make  up  the  bulk  of  the  cattle  food  and  should  supply  all  the 
coarse  feed,  as  well  as  most  of  the  starch,  sugar  and  fat  which 
are  needed. 

They  are,  however,  deficient  in  protein.  The  feeder's  aim 
then  is,  or  should  be,  to  buy  digestible  protein  at  as  low  a  price 
as  he  can,  in  forms  relished  by  his  stock.  He  is  not  in  the 
market  to  buy  mixtures  of  cattle  medicine  and  food,  nor  starchy 
foods,  nor  woody  fiber,  nor  the  many  wastes  of  factories,  where 
so-called  "breakfast  goods"  for  human  use  are  made. 

It  will  very  rarely  pay  him  to  buy  anything  which  contains 
as  little  protein  as  corn  meal.     Corn  meal  he  can  generally  raise 


Fiber. 

Nitrogen-free 
Extract. 

Fat. 

56 

61 

93 

80 

86 

97 

57 

78 

89 

-- 

95 

92 

-- 

90 

94 

78 

89 

84 

29 

69 

68 

33 

81 

86 

25 

78 

78 

20 

76 

83 

-- 

92 

64 

33 

68 

100 

52 

58 

91 

41 

70 

86 

35 

79 

84 

43 

67 

89 

41 

70 

86 

48 

83 

87 

Mentzel  and  Lengerke.  f  Assumed   same  as  H.  O.  Dairy  Feed. 

X  Assumed  for  all  other  corn  and  oat  feeds. 


,    PURCHASE    OF    COMMERCIAL    FEEDING-STUFFS.  21 

much  more  cheaply  than  he  can  buy  it — and  corn  meal  fed  with 
hay  or  ensilage  needs  the  addition  of  some  feed  richer  in  pro- 
tein, in  order  to  avoid  waste  of  starchy  matter  in  feeding. 

Table  II  is  a  list  of  the  commercial  feeding-stuffs  mentioned 
in  this  Bulletin  with  the  percentages  of  protein  and  fat  in  them, 
and  their  average  prices,  arranged  according  to  the  per  cent, 
of  protein,  the  ingredient  which  the  buyer  is  chiefly  concerned 
with. 

Study  of  the  table  shows  that  we  have  six  distinct  groups  of 
feeding-stuffs : 

1.  Cotton  seed  meal  and  Atlantic  and  Cream  glutens  with  over 
40  per  cent,  of  protein  and  costing  between  $28  and  $30  per 
ton. 

2.  The  linseed  and  gluten  meals  containing  between  30  and  40 
per  cent,  of  protein,  the  prices  ranging  from  $24.10  to  $32.00 
per  ton. 

3.  The  gluten  feeds,  brewers'  grains,  malt  sprouts  and  buck- 
wheat middlings,  containing  from  25  to  30  per  cent,  of  pro- 
tein, prices  ranging  from  $18.50  to  $28.00  per  ton. 

4.  The  wheat  feeds,  H.  O.  Dairy  Feed,  Buffalo  Cereal  Co.'s 
Creamery  Feed  and  rye  feed,  having  between  15  and  20 
per  cent,  of  protein  and  costing  from  $20.10  to  $30.00  per 
ton. 

5.  Lower  grade  feeds,  containing  from  14.5  to  10  per  cent,  of 
protein,  which  the  feeder  of  dairy  stock  need  not  consider  at 
all  in  buying  protein  to  balance  a  ration  made  up  of  home- 
grown fodder,  if  he  has  home-grown  shelled  corn  at  his 
disposal. 

6.  Mixtures  of  corn  and  oat  refuse,  having  less  protein  even 
than  corn  meal. 

Table    II. — Commercial     Feeds    arranged    according    to    the    Per- 
centages OF  Protein  in  them. 

TTr-.T  J.1  ,  ^      n      J    ■  Protein.  Fat.  Cost. 

Wttn  more  than  40  per  cent.  Frotem.  Percent.  Percent.  Per  ton. 

Atlantic  Gluten  Meal... 48.44  2.44  $28.00 

Cream  Gluten  Meal 43.00  1.48  30.00 

Cotton  Seed  Meal 42.96  10.28  29.70 


22         CONNECTICUT   EXPERIMENT    STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  II  (Continued). — Commercial  Feeds  arranged  according  to  the 
Percentages  of  Protein  in  them. 

j„..,            ,             ,                J      D      V    ■  Protein.  Fat.  Cost. 

With  30  to  40  per  cent.  Frotem.  Percent.  Percent.  Per  ton. 

Linseed  Meal,  New  Process 39-79  2.13  31.00 

Atlas  Gluten  Meal 36.28  15.51  24.10 

Chicago  Gluten  Meal 35-46  2.82  31-30 

King  Gluten  Meal 33-75  2.04  30.00 

Linseed  Meal,  Old  Process 32.82  7.81  32.00 

With  2£  to  ^o  per  cent.  Protein. 

Dried  Brewers'  Grains 29.72  6.91 

Buckwheat  Middlings 28.56  7.74  20.00 

Malt  Sprouts.-   -. 27.75  1.34  18.50 

Buffalo  Gluten  Feed 27.24  3.16  25.60 

Pekin  Gluten  Feed —  26.91  3.39  28.00 

Globe  Gluten  Feed - .  26.54  3-54  27.00 

Waukegan  Gluten  Feed 25.12  3.51  26.00 

Queen  Gluten  Feed 24.46  2.12  26.00 

With  75"  to  20  per  cent.  Protein. 

Buffalo  Cereal  Co.'s  Creamery  Feed 20.37  4-43  26.00 

Spring  Wheat  Middlings 19-15  5-42  23.44 

Winter  Wheat  Middlings 18.14  4-41  23.85 

Winter  Wheat  Mixed  Feed 17.72  4.58  22.00 

H.  O.  Dairy  Feed - 17-72  4.64  30.00 

Spring  Wheat  Mixed  Feed 17.66  5.06  22.35 

Winter  Wheat  Bran 17.10  4.56  23.37 

Spring  Wheat  Bran 16.72  4.94  20.90 

Rye  Feed 15-43  3-io  26.00 

With  10  to  i^  per  cent.  Protein. 

Quaker  Dairy  Feed. i4-5o  3.57 

Buffalo  Cereal  Co.'s  Dairy  Feed 14- 31  4-40 

Empire  State  Stock  Feed 14-25  3-68  20.00 

Ground  Oats 12.95  4.54  34-75 

Chester  Stock  Feed 12.87  4-i9 

H.  O.  Horse  Feed 12.77  4-8o  29.25 

Buffalo  Cereal  Co.'s  Feed 12.75  4-7S  29.00 

Schumacher's  Stock  Feed 12.66  5.13 

Hominy  Meal ii-57  8.91  28.25 

Great  Western  Dairy  Feed 10.59  2.71  22.00 

Provender.. 10.47  4-i3  30.30 

Lenox  Stock  Feed 10.25  4-67  25.50 

Corn  Meal 9.89  3.90  28.75 


PURCHASE    OF    COMMERCIAL    FEEDING-STUFFS.  23 

Table  II  (Continued). — Commercial  Feeds  Arranged  according  to  the 
Percentages  of  Protein  in  them. 

With  less  Protein  thatt   Corn  Meal.  Percent.  Percent.  Per  ton. 

Excelsior  Corn  and  Oat  Feed 9.37  4.53  20.00 

De-Fi             "                   "          9.25  3.19  22.00 

Victor            "                   "          9.21  4.09  23.75 

Vim  Oat  Feed -  8.25  3.10  18.00 

Boss       "  8.01  2.75 

Royal     "          6.87  1.95  18.00 

It  will  also  be  noticed  that  the  percentages  of  fat  in  these 
feeds  are  not  very  unlike,  ranging  between  1.5  and  5.4  per  cent., 
with  the  exception  of  cotton  seed  meal,  old  process  linseed  meal, 
Atlas  gluten  meal,  brewers'  grains,  hominy  chops  and  buck- 
wheat middlings,  so  that  a  rough  comparison  of  the  feeds  can 
be  made,  taking  account  of  protein  alone,  as  that  is  the  ingre- 
dient which  the  feeder  is  chiefly  concerned  in  getting. 

Such  a  comparison  would  show  the  following: 

If  20  pounds  of  Protein  in  Atlantic  Gluten  cost $0.58 

Then  20  pounds  of  Protein  in  Malt  Sprouts  and  in  Atlas  Gluten 

cost  about .66 

"  "  Cream    Gluten    and    Cotton    Seed 

Meal  cost  about .68 

"  "  Buckwheat  Middlings  cost  about.  .70 
"                   "             New    Process   Linseed   Meal   cost 

about .77 

"  "  Chicago  Gluten  and  King  Gluten 

Meal  cost  about .88 

"  "  Buffalo  Gluten  Feed  and  Old  Pro- 
cess Linseed  Meal  cost  about .98 

"                   "             Other  Gluten  Feeds           "          1.05 

"  "  Wheat  Feeds,  Buffalo  Cereal  Co.'s 

Creamery  Feed  cost  about i. 20-1. 40 

"                   "             Empire  Stock  Feed      "           1.40 

"                   "             Rye  Feed                       "           1.70 

"  "  Other  Feeds,  chiefly  Corn  and  Oat 

cost  about 2.07-2.90 

The  above  is  not  intended  to  do  more  than  make  a  rough  but 
practically  just  statement  ,of  the  comparative  cost  of  protein 
in  the  several  classes  of  feeding-stuffs.  Of  course  all  feeds 
contain  other  valuable  food  ingredients  besides  protein  and  fat, 
but  they  are  not  ingredients  which  the  feeder  commonly  needs 
to  buy. 


24         CONNECTICUT   EXPERIMENT    STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

As  a  general  rule,  he  cannot  afford  to  buy  anything  belong- 
ing in  classes  5  and  6.  Home-grown  corn  meal  makes  anything 
in  these  groups  superfluous. 

It  is  the  part  of  economy  to  raise  all  the  corn  meal  which  is 
needed  at  home,  not  to  buy  anything  to  balance  the  cattle  ration 
containing  less  protein  than  vv^heat  feeds,  and  to  let  all  condi- 
mental  and  medicinal  cattle  foods  alone. 


THE  WEIGHT  OF  ONE  QUART  OF  VARIOUS  FEED- 
ING-STUFFS. 

The  following  table  gives  the  weight  of  one  quart  of  the  feeds 
named,  and  is  useful  to  calculate  the  weight  of  grain  ration 
fed,  from  the  measure  which  is  almost  universally  used  on 
farms. 

This  table  was  prepared  by  Mr.  H.  G.  Manchester  of  West 
Winsted. 

Table   III. — The   Average  Weight   of   One   Quart   of   Each   of  the 

Feeds  named. 

By  H.  G.  Manchester,  West  Winsted. 

Pounds. 

Cotton  Seed  Meal 1.5 

Linseed  Meal,  old  process i.i 

Gluten  Meal.- 1.7 

Gluten  Feed 1.2 

Wheat  Bran,  coarse 0.5 

Wheat  Middlings,  coarse 0.8 

Wheat  Middlings,  fine i.i 

Mixed  Wheat  Feed. 0.6 

Corn  Meal .  1.5 

Oats  - - 1.2 

Rye  Bran 0.6 

H.  O.  Dair)"  Feed 0.7 

Victor  Corn  and  Oat  Feed - 0.7 

Summary. 

I.  Cotton  seed  meal,  linseed  meal,  the  gluten  meals  and  feeds,, 
the  factory  mixed  feeds  of  the  American  Cereal  Co.,  the  Great 
Western  Cereal  Co.  and  the  H.  O.  Company,  and  the  mixed 
corn  and  oat  feeds,  excepting  provender,  are,  as  a  rule,  sold 


WEIGHT  OF  VARIOUS   FEEDING-STUFFS.  2  5 

with  a  guaranteed  percentage  of  protein  and  fat  as  is  required 
by  the  state  law.  On  the  other  hand,  the  wheat  feeds,  as  well 
as  some  miscellaneous  feeds  of  minor  importance,  are,  as  a 
rule,  sold  without  guaranties,  which  is  contrary  to  law. 

2.  The  composition  of  most  of  the  feeds  which  have  guaran- 
ties is  in  substantial  agreement  with  these  guaranties. 

3.  The  only  evidence  of  deliberate  fraud  in  the  feed  market 
which  is  shown  by  the  analyses  is  the  mixing  of  finely  ground 
corn-cob  or  corn  bran  with  mixed  wheat  feed,  and  selling  this 
mixture  in  packages  which  do  not  bear  the  name  of  the  manu- 
facturers nor  any  statement  giving  the  composition  of  the 
mixture. 

Purchasers  are  warned  against  an  article  branded  Eclipse 
Mixed  Feed,  which  is  a  fraud  of  this  kind,  and  the  brands 
"Jersey  Mixed  Feed,"  "Winter  Dairy  Mixed  Feed"  and  "Win- 
ter Mixed  Feed"  have  all  been  found  adulterated. 

4.  The  prices  charged  at  present  for  commercial  ^feeding  stuflfs 
often  bear  no  relation  to  their  chemical  composition  or  feeding 
value.  It  therefore  requires  special  care  and  intelligence  to 
select  feeds  which  shall  be  economical  for  the  dairyman  or 
feeder  of  other  stock.  The  standard  feeds  sold  by  reputable 
dealers,  are,  as  a  rule,  much  "cheaper"  and  more  satisfactory 
than  the  low-priced  factory  wastes. 

EXPLANATIONS  CONCERNING  THE  ANALYSES  OF 
FEEDING-STUFFS. 

For  those  who  are  not  familiar  with  the  use  of  tables  of  feed 
analyses  there  are  given,  following  page  57  of  this  bulletin,  cer- 
tain explanations  which  may  help  in  a  study  of  the  tables. 


26        CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT   STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  IV.     Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds. 


Name  of  Feed. 


Manufacturer  or  Jobber. 


Retail  Dealer. 


7574 
7591 

7605 
7608 

7570 

7665 
7660 

7490 

9749 
4590 

4604 
4608 


7313 
7478 
7552 
7488 

7651 
7606 

7613 
7471 

7562 
7693 


Cotton  Seed  Meal. 
Cotton  Seed  Meal,  Canar)' 

Cotton  Seed  Meal,  Green 

Diamond 

Cotton  Seed  Meal 

Cotton  Seed  Meal. 


Cotton  Seed  Meal,  Star 
Brand , 

Cotton  Seed  Meal.. 

Cotton  Seed  Meal,  Mag- 
nolia Brand 

Cotton  Seed  Meal,  Canary 


Cotton  Seed  Meal 

Cotton  Seed  Meal,  Dixie 

Cotton  Seed  Meal 


R.  "W.  Briggs  &  Co., 
Memphis,  Tenn 

Chapin  &  Co.,  St.  Louis, 
Mo --- 

Excelsior  Mfg.   Co 

American  Cotton  Oil  Co., 
N.  Y. .. 

Sledge&Wells,  Memphis, 

Tenn. 

Milledgeville,  Ga. 

Chas.  M.  Cox  Co.,  Bos- 
ton, Mass - 

R.  W.  Briggs,  Memphis, 
Tenn 


Berlin,  J.  C.  Lincoln. 


Bristol,  G.  W.  Eaton 

Hartford,  Daniels  Mill  Co. 


Cotton  Seed  Meal,  Green 
Diamond 


Humphreys,  Godwin  & 
Co.,  Memphis,  Tenn.. 

Strong,  Lafferts  &  Co., 
N.  Y 

Chapin  &  Co.,  St.  Louis, 
Mo... 


Linseed  Meal,  New  Process 
Linseed  Oil  Meal 


American    Linseed    Co. 

Chicago .- 

American    Linseed    Co. 

Chicago 

American    Linseed    Co. 

Chicago .. 

American    Linseed    Co. 

Chicago 


Linseed  Meal,  Old  Process. 


American  Linseed  Co., 
New  York 

American  Linseed  Co., 
New  York.. 

Hunter  Bros.,  St.  Louis, 

Hauenstein  &  Co.,  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y ... 

Metzger  Seed  &  Oil  Co., 
Toledo,  Ohio 

Payne  Bros.  Co.,  Minne 
apolis,  Minn 


Hartford,  Smith,  Northam  &  Co. 

Middletown,  Coles  Co .. 

New  Canaan,  C.  H.  Fairty.   — 

South  Norwalk,  M.  T.  Hatch.. 

Yantic,  A.  R.  Manning  «&  Co.. . 
New  Canaan,  D.  A.  St.  John  .. 
New  Milford,  Ackley,  Hatch  & 

Marsh 

New  Milford,  Ackley,  Hatch  & 

Marsh 

New  Milford,  Ackley,  Hatch  & 

Marsh 

Average  of  8  analyses. 

Average  digestible 


New  Haven,  R.  G.  Davis 

New  London,  Arnold  Rudd  — 

StaflTord,  E.  C.  Dennis 

Yantic,  A.  R.  Manning  &  Co... 

Bridgeport,    Wm.    H.    Terry  & 
Co. 

Hartford,  Daniels  Mill  Co 

Hartford,  Smith,  Northam  &  Co. 

New  London,  E.  H.  Caulkins.. 

Willimantic,  H.  A.  Bugbee 

Winsted,  Balch  &  Piatt 


Average  of  the  above  4  analyses 

of  New  Process  Linseed  Meal 

Average  digestible 

Average  of  the  above  6  analyses 

of  Old  Process  Linseed  Meal 

A verage  digestible 


analyses   of  commercial  feeds. 
Sampled  in  1902. 


27 


ANALYSES. 

0 

z 

c 

Water. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Fiber. 

Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch, gum,  etc.) 

Ether 
Extract. 

Price 
per  ton. 

7574 

9.28 

5.80 

42.19 

6.44 

24-53 

11.76 

$28.50 

7591 
7605 

8.02 
8.26 

6.27 
6.02 

45-12 
40.50 

5-16 
9.41 

24-77 
26.95 

10.66 

8.86 

30.00 
30.00 

7608 

7.09 

6.04 

45.37 

6.26 

26.20 

9.04 

30,00 

7570 
7665 

7.60 
8.50 

6.00 
6.05 

42.62 

43-37 

6.85 
6.31 

25.04 
25.68 

11.89 
10.09 

29.00 
30.00 

7660 

8.80 

5.86 

39-87 

9.16 

27-53 

8.78 

30.00 

7490 

8.55 

6.65 

44-62 

5-46 

23.26 

II. 16 

30.00 

9749 



43.00 









4590 



.... 

47-81 

---- 

..... 

.... 

.... 

4604 



.... 

44.62 

.... 

.... 

.... 

.... 

4608 

8.30 

6.08 

45-25 
42.96 
37-80 

6^88 
3-85 

25-50 
15-55 

10.28 
9-56 

29.70 

7313 

11-73 

5-40 

40.63 

7-84 

32.10 

2.30 

29.00 

7478 

11-23 

5-55 

38.44 

7-73 

34-68 

2.37 

31.00 

7552 

10.45 

5-34 

40.12 

8.36 

33-76 

1.97 

32.00 

7488 

9-97 

5-37 

40.00 

7.77 

35.00 

1.89 

32.00 

7651 

10.02 

4,90 

35-00 

7.58 

35-67 

6.83 

30.00 

7606 
7613 

II. 01 
ro.20 

4-95 
5.20 

34-25 
31-56 

8.55 
9.61 

34-36 
34-76 

6.88 
8.67 

32.00 
32.00 

7471 

10.66 

5-72 

35.06 

8.48 

32.15 

7.93 

31.00 

7562 

10.49 

6.82 

31-56 

8.89 

34.16 

8.08 

32.00 

7693 

II. 14 

5-09 

29.50 

9.02 

36.80 

8.45 

35-00 

10.84 

S-41 

39-79 
33.82 

7.92 
6-34 

33.91 
29.16 

2.13 
2.06 

31-30 

10.59 

5.44 

32.82 
29.20 

8.68 
4.94 

34-66 
27.03 

6.95 

32.00 

28        CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT   STATION^    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  IV. — Continued.     Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds. 


Name  of  Feed. 


Manufacturer  or  Jobber. 


Retail  Dealer. 


76S4 

7459 
7316 

7416 

7450 

7519 
7418 
7422 
7493 
7510 
7571 


7639 
7498 

7564 
7646 

7426 
7704 
7657 
7662 
7501 
7505 

7302 
7649 

7445 

7546 

7457 


,  Wheat  Products. 
Bran  from  Whiter  Wheat. 
Bran,  Fancy  A.  B.  C. 


American  Cereal  Co. 


St.  Louis 

Canada  White  ... 


Willard  Kidder--. 


Bran  fro7ti  Spring  Wheat. 
Bran,  Tiger 


L.  C.  Breed,  St.  Louis, 
Mo 

L.  C.  Breed,  St.  Louis, 
Mo 

L.  C.  Breed,  St.  Louis, 
Mo -- 

Chapin  &  Co.,  Boston, 
Mass. 

Chas.  M.  Cox  Co.,  Bos- 
ton, Mass 

The  Isaac  Harter  Co., 
Toledo,  Ohio 

Hunter  Bros.,  St.  Louis, 
Mo.    

St.  Jacob  Enterprise  Mill 
Co.,  St.  Jacob,  111 

Wabash  Mills,  Terre 
Haute,  Ind. 


Canaan,  Ives  &  Pierce 

Saybrook,  J.  H.  Day,  Jr .- 

Guilford,  F.  H.  Rolf.. 

New  Haven,   J.  T.  Benham  Est. 


Plantsville,  Atwater  Mills 

Danielson,    The    Young    Bros. 

Co 

New  Haven,  The  J.  T.  Benham 

Est.    


Guilford,  G.  F.  Walter 

Norwich,  Norwich  Grain  Co. 
Danielson,  Waldo  Bros 


Middletown,  Coles  &  Co. 

Average  of  above  11  analyses 
Average  digestible 


Canada- 
Niagara 
Jersey.. 


Elmco. 


Independence 


American  Cereal  Co 

Bay    State    Milling    Co., 

Winona,  Minn Norwich,  A.  A.  Beckwith 

N.  L.  Berry,  Prov.,  R.  I.|Willimantic,  H.  A.  Bugbee 

A.  H.  Brown  &  Bros.,        Ansonia,     Ansonia    Flour    and 
Boston,  Mass. Grain  Co. 

Cataract  City  Milling  Co. , 
Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.  .. 

Cataract  City  Milling  Co., 
Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.  .- 

Geo.   C.    Christian,    Min- 
neapolis, Minn Bridgeport,  Berkshire  Mills  Co. 

Hecker-Jones-Jewell  Co., 

Stamford,  E.  E.  Scofield 


Thompsonville,  H.  K.  Brainard 


Hamden,  Ira  W.  Beers 

Waterbur}',  Spencer  &  Pierpont 
Co. 


New  York 

Hollister,  Chase  &  Co., 
New  York 

Listman  Milling  Co., 
Lacrosse,  Wis 

Chas.  R.  Lull 

New  York  City  Milling 
Co .. 

New  York  City  Milling 
Co. 

Northwestern  Con.  Mill- 
ing Co.  Minn 

Pillsbury,  Minneapolis. _ 


Plainfield,  J.  P.  Kingsley  &  Son 

Jewett  City,  J.  E.  Leonard  &  Son 
New  Haven,  Abner  Hendee 

Bridgeport,  Wm.  H.  Terr)'^  &  Co. 

Southington,  South,  Lumber  & 

Grain  Co.   .- 

East  Hampton,  R.  H.  Hall 

Centerbrook,  W.  J.  Prann 


analyses  of  commercial  feeds. 
Sampled  in  1902. 


29 


ANALYSES. 

d 

a 
0 

55 

Water. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Fiber. 

Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch.gum,  etc.) 

Fiber 
Extract. 

Price 
per  ton. 

7684 
7459 

11.17 
II. 18 

5.85 
6.30 

17.37 
17.50 

7.80 
11.34 

52.99 
48.90 

4.82 
4.78 

$21.00 
20.00 

7316 

11.95 

4.91 

17.62 

6.92 

54.00 

4.60 

20.00 

7416 

11.75 

5.92 

17.37 

8.50 

51.81 

4.65 

21.00 

7450 

10.94 

5.63 

17.87 

7.39 

53-47 

4.70 

22.00 

7519 

10.95 

5.92 

18.19 

8.20 

52.72 

4.02 

20.00 

741 S 

12.99 

5.84 

15.81 

9-57 

50.81 

4.98 

21.00 

7422 

12.47 

6.21 

16.12 

8.39 

52.73 

4.08 

24,00 

7493 

II. 21 

7.19 

15.94 

9.40 

51.64 

4.62 

21.00 

7510 

II. 17 

5.56 

17. 87 

6.98 

53-79 

4.63 

25.00 

7571 

9.69 
II. 41 

6.28 
5-96 

16.50 
17.10 
13.34 

8.31 
8.44 

2.45 

54-93 
52.53 
36.25 

4.29 
4-56 
3.10 

22.00 
23.37 

7639 

10.57 

6.73 

17.19 

II. 16 

49.32 

5.03 

19.00 

7498 
7564 

11.30 
10.32 

6.70 

6.17 

16.37 
17.50 

11.98 
8.28 

48.92 
53.38 

4.73 

4-35 

24.00 
20.00 

7646 

11.39 

5.66 

16.75 

9.26 

52.43 

4.51 

21.00 

7426 

12.84 

6.39 

17.12 

10. 6g 

47.64 

5-32 

19.00 

7704 

10.96 

6.41 

16.62 

9-74 

50.98 

5.29 

22.00 

7657 

10.74 

6.89 

17.06 

10.79 

49.40 

5-12 

20.00 

7662 

11.78 

5.80 

14.87 

9-74 

52.99 

4.82 

21.00 

7501 

11.07 

6,94 

16.75 

11.32 

48.85 

5.07 

20.00 

7505 
7302 

10.90 
II. 13 

6.46 
5.94 

17.31 

16.87 

9.20 
8.19 

50.84 
53.50 

5.29 
4-37 

20.00 
20.00 

7649 

10.67 

6.75 

16.56 

10.18 

50.99 

4.85 

20.00 

7445 

11.28 

6.68 

17. OQ 

10.57 

49.76 

4.71 

20.00 

7546 
7457 

10.80 

T'.57 

7.07 
6.40 

15.12 
16.50 

12.25 
11.46 

49.76 
49.09 

5.00 

4.98 

23.00 
24.00 

30        CONNECTICUT   EXPERIMENT   STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  IV. — Continued.     Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds. 


d 

B 
.0 

S 

Name  of  Feed. 

Manufacturer  or  Jobber. 

Retail  Dealer. 

7465 
7441 

Bran        . 

Pillsbury,  Minneapolis  .. 
Russell  &  Miller   Milling 

Co.,  Valley  City,  N.  D. 
Washburn-Crosby      Co., 

Minneapolis,  Minn 

E.   S.  Woodworth  &  Co., 

Minneapolis,  Minn. 

L.    C.    Breed,  St.  Louis, 
Mo ._.. 

Stonington,  S.  H.  Chesebro 

Meriden,  Meriden  Grain  &  Feed 

,, 

Co 

7549 
7533 

7318 

7429 
7477 

7556 

7495 

7550 

7633 

7508 

7417 

Snow's  Flaky 

Middlings ,   Winter  Wheat 
Middlings 

Stafford,  E.  C.  Dennis 

Colchester,  E.  F.  Strong 

Average  of  the  above  19  analyses 
Average  digestible 

Guilford,  F.  H.  Rolf. 

Hamden,  Ira  W   Beers 

>i 

Dow  &  King,    Pittsfield, 
111 -_ 

W.   S.   Hills  &  Co.,   Bos- 
ton, Mass 

Hunter  Bros.,   St.  Louis, 
Mo . 

Hunter  Bros.,  St.  Louis, 
Mo.- - 

Kehlor  Bros.,  St.  Louis, 
Mo 

J.  F.  Lennon,  Providence, 
R.  L - 

J.   E.    Soper  &  Co.,   Bos- 
ton, Mass.   _     .   . . 

New  London,  Arnold  Rudd... 

' 

Willimantic,  W.  D.   Grant 

Norwich,    Norwich  Grain  Co.-- 

StafFord,  E.  C.  Dennis 

SufReld,  Arthur  Sikes 

"    Ballard  Ship  Stuft 

Jewett    City,    J.    E.   Leonard  & 
Son — 

New  Haven,  J.  T.  Benham  Est. 

7531 

7640 
7638 
7437 

7502 
7428 
7511 

Valiers  &  Spier  Mill  Co., 
Marine,  111 

American  Cereal  Co 

Bay    State    Milling    Co., 
Winona,  Wis. 

Brayton    Milling    Co., 
Minneapolis        .    . 

Cataract  City  Milling  Co., 
Niagara  Falls.  _ 

Central  Milling  Co.,  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y.       

Middlings,  Spring  Wheat. 

Middlings,  Tiger 

"  Red  Dog 

Putnam,  Bosworth  Bros 

Average  of  above  10  analyses. . 
Average  digestible 

Thompsonville,  H.  K.  Brainard 

n 

Meriden,  A.  H.  Cashen 

,, 

Plainfield,  J.  P.  Kingsley  &  Son 

Bridal  Veil... 
"         Daisy 

"         Snowball ..   .. 

H 

H 

Hamden,   Ira  W.  Beers 

Danielson,  Waldo  Bros..    

7611 
7480 
7692 
7301 

7452 

Daisy  Roller  Mills,  Mil- 
waukee      

Daisy  Roller  Mills,    Mil- 
waukee    .-. 

Gardner    Mill,    Hastings, 
Minn - 

Hecker-Jones-Jewell  Co., 
New  York ... 

Hecker-Jones-Jewell  Co., 
New  York   

Hartford,  Smith,  Northam  &  Co. 
New  London,   Beebe  &  Bragaw 

Winsted,  Balch  &  Piatt 

New  Haven,  Abner  Hendee 

Plantsville,  Atwater  Mills 

analyses   of  commercial  feeds. 
Sampled  in  1902. 


31 


ANALYSES. 

0 

B 
.0 

« 

Si 

Water. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Fiber. 

Nitrogen- free 

Extract. 

(Starch, gum, 'etc' 

Ether 
Extract. 

Price 
per  ton. 

7465 

10.75 

5-37 

16.50 

11.50 

50.91 

4-97 

$22.00 

7441 

"•95 

7.01 

18.06 

io.6g 

47-18 

5-II 

22.00 

7549 

10.80 

6.23 

17-56 

10.84 

49.48 

5-09 

20.00 

7533 

12.08 
11.20 

4.96 
6.34 

15-94 
16.72 
13.04 

11.00 

10.47 

3-04 

50.89 
50.33 

34-73 

5.13 
4-94 
336 

21.00 
20.90 

7318 
7429 

11.76 
11.89 

3-46 

3.85 

17.94 
19.62 

4-23 
5.06 

58.29 
54-76 

4.32 

4.82 

23.00 
24.00 

7477 

12.51 

3.63 

17.31 

5-15 

56.76 

4.64 

25.00 

7556 

11.67 

3-43 

19.94 

4-17 

56.37 

4-42 

19.00 

7495 

11.90 

3.26 

17.75 

3.15 

59-15 

4-79 

25.00 

7550 

10.35 

4-03 

15.50 

5-47 

60.28 

4.37 

25.00 

7633 

10.85 

2.23 

20.50 

1-83 

60.94 

3.65 

28.00 

7508 
7417 

12.33 
12.04 

4.16 
4.76 

17.25 
19.06 

4-73 
6.93 

56.72 
52.35 

4.81 
4.86 

23.00 
22.50 

7531 

11.92 
11.72 

2.32 
3-51 

16.56 
18.14 
14-51 

1.86 
4.26 
I.41 

63.89 
57-96 
46.95 

3-45 
4.41 

3-79 

24.00 
23-85 

7640 
7638 

10.60 
10.93 

5.05 
2.69 

21.00 
20.87 

6.87 
1. 71 

50.27 
59-50 

6.21 
4-30 

20.00 
25.00 

7437 

11-95 

5-23 

21.62 

7-65 

47.12 

6-43 

26.  GO 

7502 

12.02 

4.26 

17.12 

8.78 

52.92 

4.90 

21.00 

7428 

13.39 

3.86 

18.25 

6.51 

52.71 

5.28 

24.00 

7511 

12.01 

4.98 

17.75 

8.92 

50.50 

5-84 

22.00 

7611 

11.03 

3.83 

18.25 

6.28 

55.48 

5-13 

22.00 

7480 

11.76 

4.87 

19-50 

7.05 

51-56 

5.26 

24.00 

7692 

10.81 

4-73 

19.12 

7-23 

52.66 

5-45 

26.00 

7301 

11.53 

5. II 

19-25 

8.64 

50.17 

5-30 

21.00 

7452 

11.53 

4.82 

18.75 

8.70 

50.56 

5-64 

23.00 

32        CONNECTICUT   EXPERIMENT   STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  IV. — Continued.     Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds. 


0" 

z 

B 

13 

Name  of  Feed. 

Manufacturer  or  Jobber. 

Retail  Dealer. 

7314 
7451 

Middlings,  Spring  Wheat. 
Middlings,  M    -- 

Hecker-Jones-JewellCo., 
New  York..    

Hecker-Jones-JewellCo., 
New  York 

M 

New  Haven,  R.  G.  Davis 

Plantsville    Atwater  Mills 

7492 

H.  H.   King  &  Co.,  Min- 
neapolis   

"           Fancy  White 
"           Coarse  Shorts 

Norwich,  Norwich  Grain  Co. 

7432 

H.  H.    King&  Co.,   Min- 
neapolis     

Wallino-ford    E   E    Hall 

7504 

7506 

7524 

7653 
7408 

7444 

7464 

7545 

7456 
7542 
7637 
7650 

7475 

Listman  Milling  Co., 
Lacrosse,  Wis 

Listman  Milling  Co., 
Lacrosse,  Wis 

New  Prague  Milling  Co., 
New  Prague,  Minn 

New  York  CityMillingCo. 

Northwestern  Con.  Mill- 
ing Co.,  Minneapolis.. 
Pillsbur)'^,  Minneapolis.. 

Sheffield  Milling  Co., 
Minneapolis 

Sheffield  Milling  Co., 
Minneapolis 

Jewett   City,   J.    E.    Leonard  & 
Son 

Jewett  City.   J.    E.    Leonard   & 
Son 

Red  Dog 

"           Manhattan 

Danielson,  Ouinnebaug  Store.. 
Bridgeport,  Wm,  H.  Terry  &  Co. 
East  Haven,  Hawkins  &  Forbes 
Southington,  South.   Lumber  & 

Feed  Co. 

Stonington,    S.  H.  Chesebro 

B 

East  Hampton,  R.  H.  Hall 

Centerbrook,  W.  J.  Prann 

Colchester,  E.  F.  Strong. 

Thompsonville,  H.  K.  Brainard 

B-.. 

A 

Bridgeport,  Wm.  H.  Terry  &  Co. 

New  London,  Arnold  Rudd 

7557 
7543 
7695 
7455 

Sheffield  Milling  Co., 

Minneapolis 

Simpson,   Hendee&Co. , 

New  York 

Thornton     Chester     Mill 

Co.,  Buffalo 

Washburn-Crosby  Co., 

Minneapolis 

"            Northland... 

Willimantic,  W.  D.  Grant 

Colchester,  E.  F.  Strong 

"           Standard 

"           Adrian 

"           Snow's  Fancy 
"          Snow's  Cream 

"           Colonial 

Torrington,  E.  H.  Talcott 

Centerbrook,  W.  J.  Prann 

Merrow,  C.  G.  Wilcox 

6003 

Washburn-Crosby  Co., 
Minneapolis 

7486 

Washburn-Crosby  Co., 
Minneapolis      

Yantic,  A.  R.  Manning  &  Co.  . 

7534 
7497 

E.  S.  Woodworth  &  Co., 
Minneapolis  .. 

E.  S.  Woodworth  &  Co., 
Minneapolis 

Colchester,  E.  F.  Strong 

Norwich,  A.  A.  Beckwith 

7466 

Miner-Hillard  Milling 
Co.,  Wilkesbarre,  Pa.. 

Average  of  above  36  analyses.. 
Average  digestible 

Groton,  Groton  Grain  Co. 

Guarantee 

analyses   of  commercial  feeds. 
Sampled  in  1902. 


33 


Analyses. 

z 

1 

c 
0 

a 

a  ■ 

Water. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Fiber. 

Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

Starch,  gum,etc.) 

Ether 
Extract. 

Price 
per  ton. 

7314 

11.50 

4-58 

18.94    • 

7-48 

52.76 

4.74 

$23.00 

7451 

11.08 

4-45 

17.87 

7-77 

53-71 

5.12 

24.00 

7492 

11-35 

5-49 

17.87 

8.29 

51-58 

5-42 

21.00 

7432 

11.98 

4-71 

20.31 

6.81 

50.16 

6.03 

26.00 

7504 

12.35 

4.30 

20.12 

5.16 

52.70 

5-37 

23.00 

7506 

11.68 

4.71 

20.75 

5.76 

51.47 

5-63 

21.00 

7524 
7653 
7408 

II. 41 
11.70 
11.94 

4.82 
3-23 
4.44 

18.87 
19.62 
18.94 

8.07 
2.41 
7.26 

51.13 

57-88 
52.64 

5.70 
5-16 

4.78 

20.00 
24.00 
24.00 

7444 
7464 

II. 31 
12.00 

4-93 
4-59 

16.87 
18.75 

8.08 
7.24 

52.91 

52.25 

5-90 
5.17 

22.00 
22.00 

7545 
7456 
7542 
7637 

10.25 
11.23 
II. 81 
10.78 

5-30 
5.05 
5.37 
4.60 

16.87 
18.12 
16.37 
20.75 

10.32 

9.01 

II. 18 

5-54 

51.84 
51-03 
49-77 
52.71 

5-42 
5-56 
5.50 
5.62 

24.00 
24.00 
22.00 
24.00 

7650 

11.72 

4.C0 

20.00 

4.56 

53.92 

5.80 

21.00 

7475 

11.52 

5. II 

20.99 

8.32 

48.08 

5-98 

25.00 

7557 

10.67 

5-27 

18.00 

8.52 

52.13 

5.41 

19.00 

7543 

11.24 

4.58 

19.12 

7.37 

51.89 

5-80 

25.00 

7695 

11.69 

4.08 

18.12 

6.46 

54.52 

5-13 

''             25.00 

7455 

11-53 

5.03 

18.62 

7-74 

51.38 

5-70 

1             24.00 

1 

6003 

13.13 

3-04 

20.06 

2.41 

56.99 

4-37 

27.00 

7486 

11.28 

3-52 

20.75 

2.75 

56.14 

5-56 

27.00 

7534 

11.69 

3.88 

20.50 

3-09 

55.50 

!      5-34 

26.00 

7497 

11.88 
11.56 

3-83 
4-51 

20.87 

19.15 
15-32 

3-09 
6.75 
2.23 

55-22 

52.61 
42.61 

5. II 

5-42 
4.66 

26.00 
23.44 

1 

7466 

10.12 

3-33 

13.00 
13.6 

6.14 

60.17 
1        62.5 

7.24 

6.8 

25.00 

34        CONNECTICUT   EXPERIMENT   STATION,,   BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  IV. — Continued.     Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds. 


Name  of  Feed. 


Manufacturer  or  Jobber. 


Retail  Dealer. 


Mixed  Feed  from    Winter 

Wheat. 
Mixed  Feed,  Acme 


Bluebell  Fancy 


Buckeye 


"516" 


Hoosier .. 


Sunshine 


Snow  Flake 


Acme    Milling    Co.,    In- 
dianapolis, Ind 

Acme    Milling    Co.,    In- 
dianapolis, Ind 

Acme    Milling    Co.,    In- 
dianapolis, Ind -. 

American      Cereal      Co., 
Chicago 

American      Cereal     Co., 
Chicago 

American      Cereal     Co., 
Chicago 

American      Cereal      Co., 
Chicago 

American      Cereal      Co., 
Chicago 

American      Cereal      Co., 
Chicago  ...    -. 

N.  L.  Berry,  Providence, 
R.  I. 

Blish   Milling    Co.,    Sey- 
mour, Ind -. 

Blish    Milling    Co.,    Sey- 
mour, Ind - 

L.   C.    Breed,   St.    Louis, 
Mo... 

Camp    Spring    Mill    Co., 
St.  Louis,  Mo .. 

C.   M.  Cox  Co.,  Boston, 
Mass 

C.   M.   Cox  Co.,   Boston, 
Mass 

Geo.    T.    Evans,    Indian- 
apolis, Ind. 

Isaac      Harter     &      Co., 
Toledo,  Ohio 

W.  S.  Hills  &  Co.,   Bos- 
ton, Mass. .- 

Hunter  Bros.,  St.   Louis, 
Mo 

Hunter  Bros.,  St.  Louis, 
Mo 

Kehlor  Bros.,  St.   Louis, 
Mo 

Lawrenceburg  Roller 
Mills    Co.,    Lawrence- 
burg, Ind. ..    

Lawrenceburg  Roller 
Mills    Co.,     Lawrence-- 
burg, Ind.  


Bristol,  W.  O.  Goodsell    

Guilford,  G.  F.  Walter 

Sufheld,  Spencer  Bros. 

Canaan,  Ives  &  Pierce 

Colchester,  E.  F.  Strong 

Torrington,  E,  H.  Talcott 

New  Haven,  Abner  Hendee 

Watertown,    C.    W,    &    T.    F. 
Atwood 

Yantic,  A.  R.  Manning  &  Co.  . 

Willimantic,  H.  A.  Bugbee 

Hartford,  Smith,  Northam&Co, 

Wallingford,  E.  E.  Hall 

Guilford,  F.  H.  Rolf 

Putnam.,  Bosworth  Bros. 

New  Britain,  C.  W.  Lines 

Torrington,  E.  H.  Talcott 

Ansonia,  Ansonia  Flour  &  Grain 
Co. 

North  Haven,  Co-op.  Feed  Co. 

Willimantic,  W.  D.  Grant 

Hartford,  Smith,  Northam  &  Co. 

Plantsville,  Atwater  Mills 

Danielson,  Waldo  Bros 

New  Haven,  J.  T.  Benham  Est, 

Norwich,  A.  A.  Beckwith 


analyses  of  commercial  feeds. 
Sampled  in  1902. 


35 


6 

Analyses. 

Z 

a 
.0 

rt 
tn 

Water. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Fiber. 

Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum, etc.) 

Ether 
Extract. 

Price 
per  ton. 

7594 

11.62 

5 

21 

17.75 

7. II 

53.65 

4.66 

$22.00 

7423 

12.35 

5 

35 

16.94 

7.71 

52.95 

4.70 

24.00 

7636 

II. 01 

5 

35 

17.75 

6.88 

54.47 

4.54 

22.00 

7683 

11.66 

5 

53 

18.00 

7.38 

53.12 

4.31 

21.50 

7538 

11.65 

5 

53 

17.69 

7.02 

53.63 

4.48 

21.00 

7697 

II. 13 

5 

69 

17.56 

7.46 

53.94 

4.22 

24.00 

7300 

12.72 

4 

36 

16.87 

5.78 

55.73 

4.54 

20.00 

7701 

11.89 

4 

72 

17.12 

6.55 

55.35 

4.37 

19.00 

7485 

11.80 

4 

73 

17.75 

7.12 

54.03 

4.57 

21.00 

7561 

10.81 

4 

88 

18.06 

6.98 

54.60 

4.67 

21.00 

761C 

II. 21 

5 

59 

17.50 

8.64 

52.21 

4.85 

23.00 

7431 

12.64 

5 

29 

18.00 

7.19 

52.26 

4.62 

22.00 

7317 

11.90 

5 

15 

17.62 

7.27 

53.44 

4.62 

21.00 

7529 

11.90 

5 

18 

17.87 

7.17 

52.97 

4.91 

22.00 

7581 

10.77 

5 

62 

17.37 

7.94 

53.12 

5.18 

21.00 

7696 

10.99 

5 

43 

17.00 

8.42 

53.18 

4.98 

24.00 

7647 

11.09 

5 

47 

17.69 

7.06 

54.23 

4.46 

22.00 

770S 

10.85 

5 

04 

16.87 

6.21 

56.52 

4.51 

22.00 

7555 

11.47 

5 

23 

18.69 

6.90 

53.49 

4.22 

20.00 

7609 

11.20 

4 

96 

18.37 

8.36 

52.47 

4.64 

23.00 

7449 

11.86 

4 

86 

17.69 

6.99 

53.91 

4.69 

24.00 

7513 

11.58 

5 

49 

16.94 

7.47 

53.82 

4.70 

^4.00 

7415 

12.55 

5.56 

17.69 

7.43 

52.51 

4.26 

21.00 

7496 

11.42 

5-47 

17.62 

6.96 

54.28 

4.25 

24.00 

36        CONNECTICUT   EXPERIMENT   STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  IV. — Continued.     Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds. 


Name  of  Feed. 


Mixed  Feed,   Kyome 


Quincy 

Farmers  Favorite 


Erie 


Mixed  Feed,  unclassijied. 
Mixed  Feed  -. 


Mixed 
Mixed 


Feed  from    Spring 
Wheat 

Feed,  U.  S 

'             Columbia  . 
'  Oueen 


"B" 
Boston 


Hiawatha.. 
Fancy   


Angola 


Manufacturer  or  Jobber. 


J.  E.  M.  Mill  Co.,  Frank 
ford,  Ky 

Rex  Milling  Co.,  Kansas 

City,  Mo 

Rex  Milling  Co.,  Kansas 

City,  Mo 

Simpson,  Hendee  &  Co., 

New  York 

Sparks  Milling  Co., 

Alton,  111 

Taylor  Bros.  Milling  Co. 
Valley  City  Milling  Co., 

Grand  Rapids 

Valley  City  Milling  Co., 

Grand  Rapids 

Washington    Flour     Mill 

Co.,   Washington,  Mo. 


M.   F.   Barringer,    Phila., 

Pa.  .     

M.  M.  Co., 


T.  B.  Atwater,  Plantsville 


Chapin  &  Co.,  Boston 

Chas.  M.  Cox  Co.,  Boston 
Hecker-Jones- Jewell 

Co.,  New  York 

Hecker-J  ones-Jewell 

Co.,  New  York 

Abner  Hendee,  New 

Haven — 

Imperial  Milling  Co., 

Duluth,  Minn... 

Imperial  Milling  Co., 

Duluth,  Minn 

Imperial  Milling  Co., 

Duluth,  Minn 

Wm.  Listman  Milling 

Co.,  Superior,  Wis. 

Pillsbury,  Minneapolis.. 
Pillsbury,  Minneapolis.. 


Red  Lake  Falls  Milling 
Co.,  Red  Lake,  Minn. 

Simpson  Hendee  &  Co. 
New  York 


Retail  Dealer. 


New  Britain,  Hugh  Reynolds.. 

Berlin,  J.  C.  Lincoln 

Southington,  South.  Lumber  & 
Feed  Co 

Danbury,  F.  C.  Benjamin  &  Co. 

Putnam,  F.  M.  Cole  &  Co.  ..- 
Thompsonville,  H.  K.  Brainard 

Danielson,    Ouinnebaug    Store 

New  MilfordTAckley,  Hatch  & 

Marsh 

Willimantic,  E.  A.  Buck _ 

SuflSeld,  Spencer  Bros.  .  ... 

Average  of  the  above  34  analyses 
Average  digestible 


East  Haven,  Hawkins  &  Forbes 

Waterbury,  Spencer  &  Pierpont 

Co. 


Yantic,  A.  R.  Manning  &  Co... 

New  Britain,  M.  D.  Stanley  ..- 

Hartford,  L.   C.   Daniels   Grain 

Co 


Willimantic,  W.  D.  Grant 
Colchester,  E.  F.  Strong  . 
Danielson,  Waldo  Bros... 


Guilford,  Morse  &  London 

Manchester,   Manchester   Elev. 

Co. 

Danielson,    The    Young    Bros. 

Co.  ...   .--- -- 

Danbury,  O.  H.  Meeker 

New  Milford,  Ackley,  Hatch  <S: 

Marsh    -..    ...    . 

Watertown,    C.    W.    &    T.    F. 

Atwood — 

New  Britain,  Hugh  Reynolds.. 


*  Sent  by  Miss  M.  A.  Neale,  Southington,  Conn. 


analyses   of  commercial   feeds. 
Sampled  in  1902. 


37 


0 

Analyses. 

la 

Water. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Fiber. 

Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum.etc.) 

Ether 
Extract. 

Price 
per  ton. 

7585 

10.55 

4-83 

18.37 

8.15 

53-63 

4-47 

$23.00 

7575 

10.62 

5-67 

18.50 

7.61 

52.98 

4.62 

22.00 

7443 

12.00 

5.68 

19.00 

8.24 

50-36 

4.72 

21.00 

7673 

10.71 

5-19 

17-75 

6.59 

54.84 

4-92 

20.00 

7528 
7641 

11.44 

10.88 

5-68 
5-72 

18.25 
17-50 

7-54 
7.96 

52.69 

53.37 

4.40 
4.57 

22.00 
24.00 

7517 

12.17 

5.02 

17.19 

7.60 

53.58 

4-44 

23.00 

7677 

10.57 

5-48 

16.75 

7-49 

55.00 

4-71 

22.00 

7559 
7635 

10.86 
11-39 
11-45 

5-46 

5-12 

5.28 

17-87 
18.62 
17.72 
14.18 

6.60 
6.92 

7-31 
1.82 

54-45 
53-69 
53-66 
41.85 

4.76 
4.26 
4.58 
3-57 

21.00 
22.00 
22.00 

7407 

11-75 

5-52 

16.81 

6-39 

55-04 

4-49 

23.00 

7703 
4938 

10.87 

5-53 

17-19 
18.00 

6.36 

55.61 

4-44 

24.00 
22.00 

7484 
7577 

11.46 
II. 10 

5-41 
4-96 

17-31 
16.31 

7.88 
8.48 

52.52 
53-99 

5-42 
5-16 

21.00 
22.00 

7602 

10.79 

6.24 

16.62 

10.45 

51-03 

4.87 

22.00 

7554 

10.23 

6.04 

16.50 

8.75 

53.83 

4.65 

20.00 

7541 

11.50 

5.22 

17-94 

7-51 

53-^9 

4-64 

21.00 

7512 

11.86 

5-83 

18.62 

8.68 

49.98 

5-03 

24.00 

7425 

13.00 

5-74 

17.94 

9.14 

48.92 

5.26 

21.00 

7621 

II. 14 

5.21 

18.62 

7-44 

52.49 

5-IO 

24.00 

7520 
7676 

10.51 
10.81 

5-22 

5-59 

17-75 
17.62 

7-77 
7-70 

53.48 
52.73 

5-27 
5-55 

20.00 
24.00 

7679 

II. II 

5-44 

17-87 

7-29 

52.67 

5.62 

23.00 

7700 

11.07 

5-74 

17-25 

8.07 

52.85 

5-02 

20.00 

7584 

8-53 

5-63 

17-75 

10.01 

52.87 

5-21 

22.00 

38        CONNECTICUT   EXPERIMENT    STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  IV. — Continued.     Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds. 


7709 

7616 

7458 
7548 


7648 

7573 
7668 

7654 
7652 

7593 
7599 
7686 

7535 
7674 

7526 

7521 

7617 
7410 

7319 
7622 

6004 

6005 

7572 
7568 

7586 
7579 

7315 
7307 
7474 


Name  of  Feed. 


Mixed    Feed,     Star    and 

Crescent     

Mixed   Feed  .-. 


Diamond 
"  Erie".. 


Maize  Products. 
Corn  Meal. 
Meal    


Buckeye  Pure  Gold 


Manufacturer  or  Jobber. 


Star  and  Crescent  Milling 
Co.   

Thornton  &  Chase,  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y 


Ansonia  Flour  and  Grain 
Co.,  Ansonia. 

Husted  Milling  Co.,  Buf- 
falo.  

Johnson  &  Morrison, 
Bethel 

Berkshire  Mills  Co., 
Bridgeport  . 

Wm.  H.  Terry  &  Co., 
Bridgeport 

G.  W.  Eaton,  Bristol 

W.  O.  Goodsell,  Bristol. 

Ives  &  Pierce,  Canaan 

E.  F.  Strong,  Colchester. 

F.  C.  Benjamin  &Co., 
Danbury 

Quinnebaug    Mill,     Dan- 
ielson 

Young   Bros.   Co.,   Dan- 
ielson 

W.  J.  Cox,  East  Hartford 

Hawkins  &  Forbes,  East 
Haven 

Coles  Co.,  Middletown.. 

Manchester  Elev.  Co., 
Manchester 

Cutler  Co.,    North    Wil- 
braham.  Mass 

S.  H.  Vilas,  Svvanton,  Vt. 

Coles  Co.,  Middletown.. 

Meech  &  Stoddard,  Mid- 
dletown   

Hugh    Reynolds,    New 
Britain 

M.  D.  Stanley,  New 
Britain 

R.  G.  Davis,  New  Haven 

American  Cereal  Co 

E.  W.  Bailey  &  Co., 
Montpelier,  Vt 


North  Haven,  Co-op.  Feed  Co. 

East  Hartford,  W.  J.  Cox 

Saybrook,  J.  H.  Day,  Jr 

Stafford,  E.  C.  Dennis 

Average  of  the  above  17  analj'ses 
Average  digestible 

Ansonia,    Ansonia    Flour    and 
Grain  Co 

Berlin,  J.  C.  Lincoln 

Bethel,  Johnson  &  Morrison 

Bridgeport,  Berkshire  Mills  Co. 

Wm.  H.  Terry  &  Co. 

Bristol,  G.  W.  Eaton... 

W.  O.  Goodsell 

Canaan,  Ives  &  Pierce 

Colchester,  E.  F.  Strong 

Danbury,  F.  C.  Benjamin  &  Co. 

Danielson,  Quinnebaug  Store.. 

Young  Bros.  Co 

East  Hartford,  W.  J.  Cox 

East  Haven,  Hawkins  &  Forbes 
Guilford,  F.  H.  Rolf 

Manchester,  Manch.  Elev.  Co.. 

Merrow,  C.  G.  Wilcox 

Middletown,  Coles  &  Co 

Meech  &  Stoddard 

New  Britain,  Hugh  Reynolds.. 

M.  D.  Stanley  ... 

New  Haven,  R.  G.  Davis 

Abner  Hendee 

New  London,  E.  H.  Caulkins. 


analyses   of  commercial  feeds.  39 

Sampled  in  1902. 


Analyses. 

6 

c 

Water. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Fiber. 

Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch, gum, etc.) 

Ether 
Extract. 

Price 
per  ton. 

7709 

11.04 

4.95 

18.62 

6.64 

54-04 

4.71 

$23.00 

7616 

7458 
7548 

10.60 
11.67 
10.26 
10.98 

5-72 
5-24 
5-67 
5.52 

18.12 
17-50 
17.81 
17.66 
14-13 

9-52 
8.93 
7.83 
8.36 
2.09 

50.88 
52.30 
53-48 
52.42 
40.89 

5.16 
4.36 
4.95 
5.06 

3.95 

22.00 
26.00 
25.00 
22.35 

7648 

12.99 

1.29 

10.12 

2.76 

68.75 

4-09 

29.00 

7573 

I3-OI 

1.03 

10.19 

0.67 

71-83 

3-27 

29.00 

7668 

12.60 

I-I5 

9.62 

0.98 

71.74 

3-91 

29.00 

7654 

^3-30 

1.42 

9.44 

1-55 

70.20 

4.09 

30.00 

7652 
7593 
7599 
7686 

7535 

13.66 
8.38 
12.96 
13-77 
13-99 

1. 12 

1-25 
1.27 
1.32 
1.27 

9-56 
10.31 
10.12 
10.94 

9.69 

2.07 

1-53 
2.02 
1.60 
1-35 

70.14 
74.50 
69.33 
68.76 
69.51 

3-45 
4-03 
4-30 
3.61 

4.19 

27.00 
30.00 
29.00 
28.00 
28.00 

7674 

13-49 

1.38 

9.62 

1. 91 

69.50 

4.10 

30.00 

7526 

13-36 

1. 31 

9.87 

1.69 

69.67 

4.10 

28.00 

7521 
7617 

12.80 
t3-48 

1-52 
1.23 

10.31 

9-75 

2.00 
1.48 

68.58 
70.05 

4.79 
4.01 

28.00 
29.00 

7410 
7319 

14. 1 1 

13.70 

I-3I 

1-34 

9-56 
9.69 

1. 81 
2. II 

69.26 
69.28 

3-95 
3.88 

30.00 
28.00 

7622 

13.46 

1. 19 

10.12 

1-57 

69.67 

3.99 

29.00 

6004 
6005 
7572 

13.85 
13-53 
13-00 

I. II 
1-45 
I-36 

10.25 
9-44 
9.69 

2.41 
2.49 
1.74 

68.30 
69.01 
70-13 

4.08 
4.08 
4.08 

28.00 
28.00 
30.00 

7568 

11.77 

1-33 

9.69 

1.69 

71.59 

3.93 

29.00 

7586 

13-13 

1.28 

9-94 

2.91 

69.01 

3-73 

29.00 

7579 
7315 
7307 

13-38 
14-32 
14.15 

1. 17 
1.27 
0.35 

10.12 
9.69 
9.19 

1-43 
1. 71 
0.13 

70.25 
68.94 
75-14 

3-65 
4-07 
1.04 

29.00 
28.00 
35-00 

7474 

13-44 

1.36 

9-87 

1.82 

69.43 

4.08 

28.00 

40        CONNECTICUT   EXPERIMENT    STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  IV. — Contifiued.     Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds. 


Name  of  Feed. 


Manufacturer  or  Jobber. 


Retail  Dealer. 


7680 
7682 
7658 
7500 

7494 

7453 
7532 
7623 

6001 

7460 

7447 

7551 
7663 

7463 
7631 
7642 
7707 
&007 
6008 
6009 

6006 

7558 
7489 


7615 

4605 
7530 


Meal 


from  No.  2  corn 


Gluten  Meal. 
Cream  Gluten  Meal... 


Husted  Milling  Co., 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

T.  Soule  &  Co.,  New 

Milford __. 

Brooklyn    Elevator   Co., 

N  ew  York 

A.  A.  Beckwith,  Norwich 
Cutler   Co.,    North   Wil- 

braham.  Mass 

Atwater  Mills,  Plantsville 
Bosworth  Bros.,  Putnam 
Rockville  Milling  Co., 

Rockville 

Smith,  Northam  &  Co., 

Hartford 

Meech  &  Stoddard,  Mid- 

dletown 

Southington  Lumber  and 

Feed  Co.. 

E.  C.  Dennis,  Stafford  .. 
Diamond  Mills,  Buffalo  . 
Narragansett  Milling  Co. , 

East  Providence,  R.  I. 
Diamond  Mills,   Buffalo, 

N.  Y. 

H.  K.  Brainard,  Thomp- 

sonville 

Miner,     Hillard     Milling 

Co.,  Wilkesbarre,  Pa.. 
E.  A.  Buck  &  Co., 

Willimantic 

E.  W.  Bailey  &  Co., 

Montpelier,  Vt 

Cutler   Co.,    North    Wil- 

braham.  Mass 

S.  H.  Vilas,  Swanton,  Vt. 

A.  R.  Manning  &  Co., 
Yantic 


New  Milford,  Ackley,  Hatch  & 
Marsh 

New  Milford,  T.  Soule  &  Co... 
Norwalk,    Holmes,    Keeler    & 

Selleck  Co 

Norwich,  A.  A.  Beckwith 

Norwich  Grain  Co 

Plantsville,  Atwater  Mills 

Putnam,  Bosworth  Bros. 

Rockville,      Rockville     Milling 
Co. .^ 

Rockville,  Edward  White 


Saybrook,  J.  H.  Day,  Jr 

Southington,    So.   Lumber    and 

Feed  Co 

Stafford,  E.  C.  Dennis 

Stamford,  E.  E.  Scofield 

Stonington,  S.  H.  Chesebro 

SufEeld,    Arthur  Sikes 

Thompsonville,  H.  K.  Brainard 

Waterbury,  Piatt's  Mill 

Willimantic,  E.  A.  Buck  &  Co. 

H.  A.  Bugbee  ... 

W.  D.  Grant 


._  Chas.  Pope  Glucose  Co. 
Chicago,  111 - 


Yantic,  A.  R.  Manning  &:  Co.  _ 
Average  of  the  above  48  analyses 
Average  digestible 


Atlas  Gluten  Meal* !  Atlas  Feed  &  Milling  Co. 

I     Peoria,  III. 

JAtlas  Feed  &  Milling  Co. 

I     Peoria,   111 


Hartford,  Smith,  Northam  &  Co. 

j  Guaranty 

I  Digestible 


Putnam,   Bosworth  Bros. 


*  Sent  by  F.  B.  Ashton,  Middletown.     See  page  12. 


analyses   of  commercial  feeds. 
Sampled  in  1902. 


41 


Analyses. 

d 

Z 

c 
2 

Water. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Fiber. 

Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch, gum, etc) 

Ether 
Extract. 

Price 
per  ton. 

7680 

12.13 

1. 61 

10.19 

2.28 

69.25 

4.54 

$30.00 

7682 

12.44 

1.29 

10.37 

1.94 

69.83 

4.13 

30.00 

7658 
7500 

12.22 
13-50 

1.47 
1.33 

10.25 
10.94 

2.22 
2.22 

69.41 
68.59 

4.43 
3.42 

32.00 
28.00 

7494 
7453 
7532 

13.44 
14.53 
14.27 

1.32 
1.24 
1.29 

9.94 

9-75 
9.69 

1.47 
1.54 
2.06 

70.01 
69.06 
68.42 

3.82 
3.88 
4.27 

27.50 
28.00 
27.00 

7623 

13.57 

1.29 

9.87 

1. 61 

69.72 

3-94 

29.00 

6001 

14.55 

1.66 

9.81 

2.76 

66.79 

4.43 

29.00 

7460 

13.94 

1. 14 

9.56 

2.02 

70.20 

3.14 

30.00 

7447 
7551 
7663 

13.27 
12.19 
13.36 

1.28 
1.36 
1. 12 

lO.OO 

9-75 
10.12 

1.78 
1.90 
0.95 

69.73 
70.71 
70.80 

3-94 
4.09 

3.65 

29.00 
28.00 
30.00 

7463 

13.30 

1.26 

9.75 

1.78 

69.98 

3.93 

27.00 

7631 

13-60 

1.04 

9-25 

1. 01 

71.94 

3.16 

29.00 

7642 

13.48 

1.43 

9.94 

1.58 

69.56 

4.01 

28.00 

7707 

12.56 

1.37 

9-25 

1.68 

71.16 

3.98 

28.00 

6007 

14-33 

1.27 

10.19 

2.57 

67.67 

3.97 

28.00 

6008 

14.35 

1.28 

9.25 

2.34 

68.70 

4.08 

28.00 

6009 
6co6 

7558 

14.48 
15.01 
13.19 

1.57 
1.37 
1.23 

11.00 
9.50 
9.87 

3.09 
2.44 

1.59 

65.90 
67.71 
70.09 

3.96 
3.97 
4.03 

28.00 
27.00 
27.00 

7489 

13.35 
13-35 

1.26 
1.30 

9.87 
9.89 
6-73 

1.26 
1.83 

70.40 

60.24 

3.86 
3-90 
3-59 

28.00 
28.75 

7615 

10.23 

0.83 

43.00 
34.12 
37.84 

1.20 

43.26 
38.93 

1.48 
3.20 
1.39 

30. 00' 

4605 

5.29 

1.64 

36.44 

11.54 

29.04 

16.05 

22.70 

7530 

8.31 

1. 61 

36.12 

11.35 

27.63 

14.98 

26.00 

42        CONNECTICUT   EXPERIMENT    STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  IV. — Continued.     Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds. 


Name  of  Feed. 


Manufacturer  or  Jobber. 


Retail  Dealer. 


•6135 


Atlas  Gluten  Meal* 


7537    Chicago  Gluten  Meal 

7553  I        "  "  "     ■ 

7487 


6122  lAtlantic  Gluten  Mealf. 

7252  !     "         "      "  f. 

9759  i     "  "       "   X- 

9750 


Atlas  Feed  &  Milling  Co. ,  j 
Peoria,  111. | 


Guaranty 

Average  of  above  2  analyses.. 
Average  digestible . . . 


Glucose    Sugar    Refining- 

Co.,  Chicago,  111. jColchester,  E.  F.  Strong. 

Glucose   Sugar    Refining 


Co.,  Chicago,  111 

Glucose   Sugar    Refining 

Co.,  Chicago,  111. 


7614 


Extra  Strong  Gluten 
Meal§ -.._ 


Atlantic    Starch    Works, 

Westport,  Conn 

Atlantic    Starch    Works, 

Westport,  Conn 

Atlantic    Starch    Works, 

Westport,  Conn 

Atlantic    Starch    Works, 

Westport,  Conn.- 


King  Gluten  Meal. 


National  Starch  Co., 
I     Indianapolis,  Ind.. 


Gluten  Feed. 
7598  IBuffalo  Gluten  Feed  .. 


7406 
7420 

7427 
7567 
7578 
7414 


7304    Globe  Gluten  Feed. 
7473  '     "  "         "     - 


Stafford,  E.  C.  Dennis 


Yantic,  A.  R.  Manning  &  Co.  . 
Guaranty 

Average  of  the  above  3  analyses 
Average  digestible ..- 


Hartford,  Smith,  Northam  &  Co. 

Guaranty 

Digestible 


Bristol,  W.  O.  Goodsell 

East  Haven,  Hawkins  &  Forbes 
Guilford,  G.  F.  Walter 


Glucose    Sugar    Refining 

Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

Glucose    Sugar    Refining 

Co.,  Chicago,  111.  . 

Glucose    Sugar    Refining 

Co.,  Chicago,  111 

Glucose    Sugar    Refining 

Co.,  Chicago,  111. |Hamden,  Ira  W.  Beers 

Glucose   Sugar    Refining 

Co.,  Chicago,  111 

Glucose   Sugar    Refining 

Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

Glucose    Sugar    Refining 

Co.,  Chicago,  111. 


Middletown,  Meech  &  Stoddard 
New  Britain,  M.  D.  Stanley 


New  Haven,  J.  T.  Benham  Est. 
Guaranty 

Average  of  above  7  analyses 

Average  digestible 


New  York  Glucose  Co.  ..New  Haven,  Abner  Hendee  ... 
"  "  "        iNew  London,  E.  H.  Caulkins.. 


*  Sent  by  E.  M.  Miller,  Newtown.     See  page  12. 

f  Sent  by  F.  T.  Bradley,  Saybrook.     See  page  12. 

X  Sent  by  R.  G.  Davis,  New  Haven.  §  Sent  by  Atlantic  Starch  Works,  Westport. 


analyses   of  commercial  feeds. 
Sampled  in  1902. 


43 


1 

Analyses. 

0" 

z 

B 
0 

13 

Water. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Fiber. 

Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,gum,etc.) 

Ether 
Extract. 

Price 
per  ton. 

6135 

6.80 

1.63 

35-62 
36.0 
36.28 
31.92 

11.45 

28.33 

25-49 

14.17 
14.0 

15.51 
14.58 

$23.70 
24.10 

7537 

10.68 

1-75 

34.50 

r-13 

49-30 

2.64 

31.00 

7553 

9.82 

1.46 

37-44 

1.66 

46.16 

3-46 

32.00 

7487 

10.88 
10.46 

1.63 
1. 6 1 

34-44 
38.0 

35-46 
31-19 

1-15 
1.31 

49-53 

48.34 
43-51 

2.37 
3.0 
2.82 
2.65 

31.00 
31-30 

6122 

10.95 

3.64 

48.88 

5.61 

28.72 

2.20 

31.00 

7252 



52.88 





31.00 

9759 

9-70 

4.04 

43-56 

9.01 

31.01 

2.68 

28.00 

9750 

7-93 

1.87 

68.88 

5.74 

15-03 

0.55 

7614 

10.20 

1.24 

33-75 
35.5 
29.70 

1.99 

50.78 
45-70 

2.04 

3-7 
1.92 

30.00 

7598 

8.98 

2.52 

26.31 

5.61 

53-06 

3.52 

25.00 

7406 

10.70 

1-77 

26.81 

6.07 

50.79 

3.86 

25.00 

7420 

10.78 

2.30 

28.19 

6.65 

49-07 

3.01 

26.00 

7427 

11-95 

1.72 

27-37 

6.19 

49.96 

2.81 

24.50 

7567 

10.15 

2-45 

27.50 

6.44 

50.50 

2.96 

26.00 

7578 

9-25 

2.41 

27.44 

6.60 

51.08 

3.22 

27.50 

7414 

10.38 
10.31 

2.17 
2.19 

27.06 

27-5 
27.24 

23-43 

6.14 

6.24 
4-87 

51.50 

50.86 
45.27 

2.75 
3-3 
3.16 
2.65 

25.00 
25.60 

7304 
7473 

9-76 
10.17 

1-52 
1.48 

26.00 
27.62 

7.24 
7.19     1 

51.56 
49-58 

3-92 
3-96 

27.00 
26.00 

44        CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  IV. — Continued.     Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds. 


Name  of  Feed. 


Manufacturer  or  Jobber. 


Retail   Dealer. 


Globe  Gluten  Feed 


Pekin  Gluten  Feed. 


Oueen  Gluten  Feed 


New  York  Glucose  Co. 


Illinois  Sugar  Refining 
Co.,  Chicago,  III. 

Illinois  Sugar  Refining 
Co.,  Chicago,  111. 


National  Starch  Co.,  New 
York. 

National  Starch  Co.,  New 
York 


Waukegan  Gluten  Feed. 


Gluten  Feed 


Hominy  Feed. 
Hominy  Meal .. 


Feed 

Meal,  Geneva... 


"  K'yst'neF'cy 
Chop 

Feed,  "  G" 


Meal. 
Feed. 
Chop 


U.  S.  Sugar  Refining  Co. 


J.  E.  Soper  &  Co. ,  Boston 


Husted  Milling  Co., 

Buffalo,  N.  Y... 

Suffern,  Hunt  &  Co., 

Decatur,  111 

Simpson    Hendee,     New 

York 

C.  M.  Cox&  Co.,  Boston 
Fish  &  Co.,  New  York.. 
C.  M.  Cox  &  Co.,  Boston 
M.   F.   Barringer,    Phila., 

Pa 

Hunter  Bros.,  St.  Louis, 

Mo 

Simpson    Hendee,    New 

York..   

Miner,  Hillard  Milling 
•  Co.,  Wilkesbarre,  Pa.. 
Buffalo   Cereal  Co., 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

A.  F.  Lane,  New  York.. 


Norwich,  A.  A.  Beckwith 

Guaranty 

Average  of  the  above  3  analyses 
Average  digestible 

Danielson,  Waldo  Bros 

Hartford,  Smith,  Northam  &  Co. 

Guarant)' 

Average  of  the  above  2  analyses 
Average  digestible 

Guilford,  Morse  &  Landon 

New  London,  Arnold  Rudd 

Guaranty. 

Average  of  the  above  2  analyses 
Average  digestible 

Danielson,  Waldo  Bros 

Guaranty  . 

Digestible 

Ansonia,    Ansonia   Flour    and 

Grain  Co 

Digestible 

Berlin,  J.  C.  Lincoln 

Canaan,  Ives  &  Pierce 

Colchester,  E.  F.  Strong .. 

Danbury,  F.  C.  Benjamin  &  Co. 
Danielson,  Waldo  Bros. 

The  Young  Bros.  Co. 

Hartford,   L.   C.   Daniels  Grain 

Co. 

Hartford,   Daniels  Mill  Co 

Jewett  City,  J.  E.  Leonard 

Meriden,  A.  H.  Cashen 

Meriden,  Meriden  Grain  &  Feed 
Co 

Middletown,  Meech  &  Stoddard 


analyses   of  commercial  feeds. 
Sampled  in  1902. 


45 


Analyses. 

z 

c 

a 
u5 

Water. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Fiber. 

Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum,etc.) 

Ether 
Extract. 

Price 
per  ton. 

7499 

10.27 
10.07 

1.44 



1.48 

26.00 

27.5 
26.54 
22.82 

7.12 
7.18 

5-6o 

52.44 

SI. 19 

45.56 

2.73 

3-3 

3-54 

2.97 

$28.00 
27.00 

7509 

965 

2.23 

26.62 

6.47 

52.03 

3.00 

26.00 

7612 

9.02 

9-33 

0.90 

i"s6 

27.19 

27-5 
26.91 

23-13 

7.82 

7.14 
5.57 

51-29 

sv.67 
45.99 

3.78 
3-3 
3-39 
2.8s 

30.00 
28.00 

7424 

10.54 

0.59 

24.87 

7.21 

54-53 

2.26 

25.00 

7476 

9.80 
10.17 

0.62 
0.60 

24.06 
27.1 
24.46 
21.04 

7.97 

7-59 
S-92 

55-57 

55-06 
48.99 

1.98 

3-2 

2.12 
1.78 

27.00 
26.00 

7514 

11.50 

I. II 

25.12 

27-3 
21.60 

6.81 
S-31 

51-95 
46.24 

3.51 

3-3 

2.94 

26.00 

7645 

8.59 



1.42 

24.69 
21.23 

6.65 
5.19 

56.04 
49.87 

2.61 
2.19 

25.00 

7576 

9.98 

2.78 

II. 14 

4-17 

62.29 

9.64 

27.00 

7685 

10.10 

3.08 

11.56 

4.64 

60.85 

9-77 

28.00 

7536 
7672 

7515 
7522 

8.56 

7.56 
10.52 

9-43 

2.62 

2.Q5 
2.64 
2.80 

11.50 

12.12 

9.69 

11.50 

4.27 

4-39 
8.84 
4.20 

64-51 
62.57 
62.19 
63.00 

8-54 

10.41 

6.12 

9.07 

26.00 
24.00 
26.00 
25.00 

7603 

9-83 

2.92 

12.50 

4.29 

61.86 

8.60 

25.00 

7607 

10.26 

3-45 

11-75 

4.52 

59-95 

10.07 

25.00 

7507 

9.90 

2.82 

12.06 

4  71 

60.64 

9.87 

27.00 

7436 

11.20 

2.57 

II. 12 

4.62 

63.17 

7-32 

27.00 

7439 

7565 

9-52 
10.82 

2.73 
2.76 

11.62 
II. 81 

4.45 
3.73 

62.78 
62.06 

8.90 

8.82 

28.00 
25.00 

46        CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  IV. — Continued.     Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds. 


7309 
7479 

7678 

7661 

7503 
7664 

7462 

7632 

7634 

7434 
7699 

7560 
7688 

7482 

461 1 

7873 


7644 

7544 
7566 

7412 

7306 

7694 


7675 
7308 


Name  of  Feed. 


White  Homin)'  Meal 

Hominy  Meal,  Niagara  .. 
"         Feed 


Chop 
Feed 

Chop 

Feed. 


Meal... 

Feed  .. 
Meal... 

Chop  .. 


Chops. 

Hominy  Feed* 


Rye  Products. 
Rye  Bran 


Rye  Feed . 


Barley  Products. 
Malt  Sprouts 


Manufacturer  or  Jobber. 


Retail   Dealer. 


Chas.  Payne,  New  York 
Chapin  &  Co 


New  Haven,  R.  G.  Davis .. 

New  London,  Beebe  &  Bragan . 
Hunter  Bros.,  St.  Louis. !New  Milford,  Ackley,  Hatch  & 

Marsh - 
Miner,     Hillard     Milling 
Co.,  Wilkesbarre,  Pa.. 


South  Norwalk,  M.  T.  Hatch  .. 
Plainfield,  J.  P.  Kingsley  &  Son 
HoUister,    Chase  &   Co., 

N.  Y. 
Narragansett  Milling  Co., 

East  Providence,  R.  \.  .Stonington,  S.  H.  Chesebro 
Buffalo  Cereal  Co., 

Suffield,  Arthur  Sikes 


Stamford,  E.  E.  Scofield. 


Buffalo,  N.  Y 
iChapin   &   Co.,    Boston, 

Mass 

C.  M.  Cox  &  Co.,  Boston, 

Mass 

Simpson    Hendee,     New 

York.. wood 

Hunter  Bros.,  St.  Louis. 
W.   T.    Reynolds  &  Co., 

Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y... 
M.    F.    Barringer,  Phila., 

Pa 

C.  W.   Campbell   &  Co., 

Westerly,  R.  I 


Spencer  Bros. 


Wallingford,  E.  E.  Hall 

Watertown,  C.  W.  &  T.  F.  At- 


Willimantic,  H.  A.  Bugbee 

Winsted,  Balch  &  Piatt... 

Yantic,  A.  R.  Manning  &  Co.  _ 


Average  of  26  analyses 
Average  digestible 


Blodgett  Milling  Co.,         Ansonia,    Ansonia    Flour    and 
Janesville,  Wis. Grain  Co. .      

Coles  &  Co.,  Middletown  East  Hampton,  R.  H.  Hall 

H.  D.  Stone  &  Co., 

Rochester,  N.  Y Middletown,  Meech  &  Stoddard 

H.  D.  Stone  &  Co., 

Rochester,  N.  Y New  Haven,  J.  T.  Benham  Est. 

H.  D.  Stone  &  Co., 

Rochester,  N.  Y. Abner  Hendee 

Miner,     Hillard     Milling 

Co.,  Wilkesbarre,  Pa. . jTorrington,  E.  H.  Talcott 

Average  of  above  6  analyses  .. 
Average  digestible 


M.  F.  Barringer,  Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 

Mueller  &  Co.,  Milwau- 
kee, Wis 


Danbury,  O.  H.  Meeker 


New  Haven,  R.  G.  Davis 

Average  of  above  2  anal3'^ses.. 
Average  digestible ...- 


*  Sent  by  S.  T.  Stockwell,  West  Simsbury. 


analyses   of  commercial  feeds. 
Sampled  in   1902. 


47 


A 

1ALYSES. 

0 

z 

c 

Water. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Fiber. 

Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum.etc.) 

Ether 
Extract. 

Price 
per  ton. 

7309 

7479 

12.12 

9-33 

2.63 
3.00 

11.44 
12.00 

4.16 

4.05 

61.16 
62.11 

849 
9.51 

$25.00 
27.00 

7678 

9.96 

3.07 

12.37 

4-77 

61.27 

8.56 

28.00 

7661 
7503 

8.27 
9.71 

2.70 
2.82 

11.62 
10.87 

4.64 
6.62 

63.65 
61.55 

9.12 

8.43 

27.00 
24.50 

7664 

10.70 

2.53 

11.37 

4.81 

62.47 

8.12 

26.00 

7462 

10.01 

2.29 

9-37 

10.10 

63.12 

5.II 

26.00 

7632 

8.41 

2.76 

11.50 

4.55 

64.11 

8.67 

27.00 

7634 

II. 01 

2.66 

11.75 

4.00 

62.13 

8.45 

26.00 

7434 

9.67 

2.60 

11.62 

4.32 

63.15 

8.64 

25.00 

7699 
7560 

9.87 
9-83 

2.94 

2.85 

11.56 
11.37 

4.54 
4.18 

61.42 
62.78 

9.67 
8.99 

27.00- 
26.00 

7688 

11-59 

2.60 

11.00 

4.13 

62.71 

7.97 

26.00 

7482 

10.17 

2.73 

II. 12 

6.48 

60.86 

8.64 

27.0a 

461 1 

7873 

8.53 
12.00 

9.99 

2.74 
2.80 

11.87 
10.94 

11-57 
7.87 

4.12 

4-53 

61.64 
62.20 
59.09 

9.00 
8.56 
8.91 
8.19 

26.00 

28.25 

7644 
7544 

8.63 
II. 81 

5.66 
3.07 

15.19 
14.94 

6.33 

3.58 

60.42 
63.60 

3.77 
3.00 

27.00 
24.00 

7566 

II. 91 

3-27 

15.12 

4.18 

62.66 

2.86 

24.00 

7412 

12.60 

3.58 

16.19 

4.25 

60.37 

3.01 

25.00 

7306 

13.78 

2.80 

15.00 

3.39 

62.16 

2.87 

30.00 

7694 

II. 91 
11.77 

3-49 
3-64 

16.12 
15.43 
12.95 

4.76 
4.41 

60.62 
61.65 
56.72 

3.10 
3.10 
1.98 

25.00 
26.00 

7675 

8.67 

5.43 

26.94 

13.72 

43.95 

1.29 

18.00 

7308 

10.34 
9.50 

5.81 
562 

28.56 

27.75 
22.20 

12.30 

13.01 

4.29 

41.60 
42.78 
29.09 

1.39 
1-34 
1.34 

19.00 
18.50 

8        CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT   STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  IV. — Contmued.     Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds. 


4635 
4636 


7601 

7588 

7580 
741 1 


7671 

7525 
9747 

6002 

7625 

4829 

4592 
4716 
4682 

6112 
6111 

4591 
7310 

4612 


Name  of  Feed. 


Brewers  Grains  A*. 
B*. 


Manufacturer  or  Jobber. 


Retail   Dealer. 


Oat  Products. 
Ground  Oats 


Royal  Oat  Feed. 


Buckwheat  Products 
Buckwheat  Middlings... 


Buckwheat  Hullsf. 


Miscellaneous 
By-Products. 
Peanut  Bran 


Broken  Peanuts. 


Biles'     Distillers    Grains 
xxxxt 


Average  of  above  2  analyses 

Average  digestible 


W.  O.  Goodsell,  Bristol. IBristol,  W.  O.  Goodsell 

Hugh      Reynolds,      New! 

Britain iNew  Britain,  Hugh  Reynolds.. 

M.  D.  Stanley,  New  | 

Britain...^ M.  D.  Stanley 

J.  T.  Benham  Est.,  New 

Haven New  Haven,  ] .  T.  Benham  Est. 

Average  of  above  4  analyses 

Average  digestible 


Great      Western      Cereal 
Co.,  Chicago,  111 


QuinnebaugMill,  Daniel- 
son  


Phoenix  Milling  Co., 
Petersburg,  Va 


Phoenix  Milling  Co., 
Petersburg,  Va 


Cornaline§ 

Gee's  Germ  Middlings 


Danburj-,  F.  C.  Benjamin  &  Co. 
Danielson,  Quinnepaug  Store.  . 


Rockville,  Edward  White. 
Rockville,  Edward  White. 


Seed  Meal||. ■. 

Ready  Bits  (damaged)Ty. 

Corn  Feed**.. ... 

White  Meal 


Dam'g'd  Cerealine  Feedff 


G.  E.  Gee  Grain  Co., 
Minneapolis,   Minn.. 

G.  E.  Gee  Grain  Co., 
Minneapolis,  Minn.. 


M.    F.    Barringer,    Phila-j 

delphia,  Pa. jNew  Haven,  R.  G.  Davis. 


*  Sent  by  Vine  Hill  Farm  Co.,  West  Hartford.  f  Sent  by  L.  C.  Hunt,  Madison. 

X  Sent  by  James  H.  Webb,  Hamden.  ^  Sent  by  Smith,  Northam  &  Co.,  Hartford. 

II  Sent  by  P.  A.  Holt,  Elmwood.  T[  Sent  by  C.  L.  Burwell.  New  Haven. 

**  Sent  by  Vine  Hill  Farm  Co.,  Elmwood.  ff  Sent  by  James  F.  Brown,  Jr.,  North 

Stonington. 


analyses   of  commercial  feeds.  49 

Sampled  in  1902. 


Analyses. 

6 
Z 

e 
_o 

Water. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Fiber. 

Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum.etc.) 

Ether 
Extract. 

Price 
per  ton. 

4635 
4636 

9.31 

8.44 

8,88 

2.98 

3-15 
3.06 

31.62 
27.81 
29.72 
23-47 

12.83 

15-17 

14.00 

7.28 

36.35 

38.52 

37-43 
21.71 

6.91 
6.91 
6.91 
6.29 

22.00 
22.00 

7601 

"■34 

3.25 

12.06 

10.72 

57.52 

5-11 

■32.00 

7588 

11.30 

3.28 

13.06 

10.97 

56.70 

4-69 

30.00 

7580 

7-51 

2.64 

13.00 

7.40 

65.78 

3-67 

39.00 

741 1 

12.47 
10.65 

3.01 
3-05 

13.69 
12.95 
10.10 

8.58 
9.41 

1.88 

57.54 
59-40 
45-14 

4.71 
4.54 
3-77 

31.00 

7671 

7.88 

9.88 

6.87 

24.91 

48.51 

i-95 

18.00 

7525 

15.51 

4.78 

28.56 

3.14 

40.27 

7.74 

20.00 

9747 

9.06 

2.42 

3.13 

49.66 

35-12 

0.61 

6002 

JO.75 

10.00* 

10.50 

43-77 

20.18 

4.80 

24.00 

7625 

7.29 

5.96 

22.94 

13.72 

17.72 

32-37 

22.00 

4829 



34-50 





34.10 

4592 

6.84 

o.go 

2.56 

64.06 

25-36 

0.28 

4716 

7.08 

11.68 

14-75 

9.92 

49.60 

6.97 

4682 

6.95 

11.79 

34.44 

9-58 

50.76 

6.48 

6112 

8.95 

12. 98 

18.00 

6.47 

44-33 

9.27 

16.00 

6111 

8.95 

2.67 

11.44 

1-93 

73-02 

1.99 

12.00 

4591 

S.78 

5-55 

11.50 

13-55 

58.53 

2.09 

7310 

8.81 

4.40 

13.12 

4.15 

58.98 

10. 54 

25.00 

4612        ' 

9.71 

11-75 





6.58 

17.00 

Sand  6.20  per  cent. 


50        CONNECTICUT   EXPERIMENT   STATION^    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  IV. — Continued.     Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds. 


Name  of   Feed. 


Manufacturer  or  Jobber 


Retail  Dealer. 


7600 
7687 

7454 

7540 
7527 

7618 
7409 

7421 

7430 

7587 

7472 
7624 

7698 

7435 
7706 

7702 

7689 


7590 
7305 
7461 

7433 


7681 

7669 
7619 


Bristol,  W.  O.  Goodsell 
Canaan,  Ives  &  Pierce  . 


Danielson,  Quinnebaug  Store  . 
East  Hartford,  W.  J-  Cox 


Miscellaneous  Mixed 
Feeds. 

Provender W.  O.  Goodsell,  Bristol 

Ives  &  Pierce,  Canaan 
Smith,  Northam  &  Co., 

Hartford Centerbrook,  W.  J.  Prann. 

E.  F.  Strong,  Colchester. iColchester,  E.  F.  Strong 
Quinnebaug  Mill,  Daniel- 
son 
W.  J.  Cox,  East  Hartford 
Hawkins  &  Forbes,  Eastj 

Haven  —   East  Haven,  Hawkins  &  Forbes 

Morse  &   Landon,    Guil-j 

ford    Guilford,  Morse  &  Langdon 

Ira  W.  Beers,  Hamden  ..  Hamden,  Ira  W.  Beers. 

Hugh  Reynolds,  New 

Britain |New  Britain,  Hugh  Reynolds.. 

E.  W.  Bailey  &  Co.,  j 

Montpelier,  Vt.. INew  London,  E.  H.  Caulkins  . 

Rockville     Milling     Co.,|Rockville,     Rockville     Milling 

Rockville j     Co. 

E.  H.  Talcott,  Torrington'Torrington.  E.  H.  Talcott 

E.  E.  Hall,  Wallingford.jWallingford,  E.  E.  Hall 

G.  L.   Dickinson,  Water-| 

bury     Waterbury,  G.  L.  Dickinson 

C.  W.  &  T.  F.  Atwood,  Watertown,     C.     W.     &    T.    F. 

Watertown |     Atwood   

Balch  &  Piatt,  Winsted  .:Winsted,  Balch  &  Piatt 

Average  of  above  17  analyses. 
Average  digestible 

Victor  Corn  &  Oat  Feed.  American     Cereal      Co 

Chicago,  111 jBristol,  G.  W.  Eaton 

American      Cereal      Co.,! 

Chicago,  111...   [New  Haven,  Abner  Hendee 

American      Cereal      Co., 

Chicago,  111 Saybrook,  J.  H.  Da}',  Jr. 

American      Cereal      Co., 

Chicago,  111... Wallingford,  E.  E.  Hall 

Guaranty 

Average  of  above  4  analyses 

Average  digestible 

New  Milford,  Ackley,  Hatch  & 

Marsh    

Guaranty . 

Average  digestible 

Danbury,  F.  C.  Benjamin  &  Co. 

Manchester,    Manchester  Elev. 
Co. 


Vim  Oat  Feed  .. 


American      Cereal      Co., 
Chicago,  111.. 


Boss  Corn  and  Oat  Feed- Great     Western      Cereal 
Co.,  Chicago,   111. 


Great     Western      Cereal 
Co.,  Chicago,  111 


analyses   of  commercial  feeds. 
Sampled  in  1902. 


51 


Analyses. 

d 
Z 

s 

Water. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Fiber. 

Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum, etc.) 

Ether 
E.xtract. 

Price 
per  ton. 

7600 

7687 

12.66 
12.04 

1.78 
2.14 

10.44 
II. 12 

3.89 
5.65 

66.80 
64.92 

4.43 
4.13 

$31.00 
28.00 

7454 
7540 

12.72 
12.48 

2.03 
1. 61 

10.00 
10.06 

4.50 
2.60 

66.46 
69.04 

4.29 
4.21 

32.00 
28.00 

7527 
7618 

"•95 
12.21 

1.69 
1.92 

10.44 
10.81 

3.70 
4.29 

67.99 
66.52 

4.23 
4.25 

30.00 
32.00 

7409 

13.07 

1.58 

10.50 

3.35 

67.26 

4.24 

31.00 

7421 
7430 

13.02 
13.89 

1.76 
2.03 

10.50 
10.94 

3.47 
3.86 

66.90 
65.01 

4.35 
4.27 

32.00 
29.00 

7587 

12.87 

2.35 

ir.19 

4-53 

64.94 

4.12 

30.00 

7472 

12.87 

1.94 

10.31 

4.38 

66.45 

4-05 

32.00 

7624 
7698 

7435 

11.97 

11.77 
13.40 

1.54 

1.95 
1.92 

10.00 
10.19 
10.12 

2.93 
4.80 
3.82 

69.77 
67.11 
67.70 

3.79 
4.18 

3.04 

30.00 
32.00 

7706 

10.82 

1.92 

11.00 

3-77 

68.13 

4.36 

30.00 

7702 
7689 

13.03 
II. II 
12.47 

1.82 
1.96 
1.88 

10.12 
10.25 
10.47 

7-43 

3-57 
4.06 

3-95 
1.89 

67.27 

68.55 
67.10 

55.69 

4.19 
4.07 
4.13 
3.59 

28.00 
30.00 
30.30 

7590 

9.60 

3.42 

9.06 

11.84 

61.69 

4-39 

26.00 

7305 

10.53 

3-55 

9.06 

11.56 

61.68 

3.62 

24.00 

7461 

10. 1 1 

3-79 

9-37 

10.92 

61.47 

4.34 

21.00 

7433 

10.83 
10.27 

4.12 
3-72 

9-37 
9.0 
9.21 
6.54 

11.20 

11.38 
S.46 

60.44 

61.33 
50.90 

4.04 
4.0 
4.09 
3.56 

24.00 

23.75 

7681 

8.15 

6.06 

8.25 

6.3 

5.88 

23.27 
II. 17 

51.17 
42.47 

3.10 

2.4 

2.69 

18.00 

7669 

9.75 

5.47 

8.12 

14.00 

59.96 

2.70 

24.00 

7619 

9.67 

6.56 

7.87 

13.46 

59.89 

2.55 

25.00 

52        CONNECTICUT   EXPERIMENT    STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  IV. — Continued.     Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds. 


Name  of  Feed. 


Manufacturer  or  Jobber. 


Retail  Dealer. 


Boss  Corn  and  Oat  Feed.  Great     Western      Cereal 

Co.,  Chicago,  111 iNew  Haven,  R.  G.  Davis 

Guaranty 

[Average  of  above  3  analyses 

I  Average  digestible 

Great     Western      Cerealj 

Co.,  Chicago,   111 .So.  Norwalk,  M.  T.  Hatch 

[Guaranty _- 

De-Fi  Corn  and  Oat  Feed  Ellsworth  &  Co.,  Buffalo,! 

N.    Y .New  Britain,  C.  W.  Lines 

[Guaranty ^ 


Excelsior  Corn  and    Oat 
Feed 


Corn  and  Oat  Feed- 


Diamond   Mills,   Buffalo, 
N.  Y 


Corn,  Oats  and  Barley. 
Schumacher's  Stock  Feed 


Suffield,  Arthur  Sikes 
Guaranty 


Proprietary  Horse 

Feeds. 

H-O  Horse  Feed... 

Horse  Feed. 

Proprietary     Poultry 

Feeds. 
H-O  Poultry  Feed 


American      Cereal      Co., 

Chicago,  111 

American      Cereal      Co., 

Chicago,  111 

American      Cereal      Co., 

Chicago,  111 

American      Cereal      Co., 

Chicago,  111. 

American      Cereal     Co., 

Chicago,  111... 


H-O  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.Y... 


Buffalo  Cereal  Co., 
Buffalo,  N.  Y 


Bridgeport,  Berkshire  Mills  Co. 

Bristol,  G.  W.  Eaton 

Meriden,  A.  H.  Cashen 

New  Haven,  J.  T.  Benham  Est. 

Yantic,  A.  R.  Manning  &  Co.. 

Guaranty 

Average  of  above  5  analj'ses 


Bristol,  W.  O.  Goodsell 

Groton,  Groton  Grain  Co. 

New  Haven,  Abner  Hendee  . 

Guaranty 

Average  of  above  3  analyses. 
Digestible 


Suffield,  Arthur  Sikes 

Guarant)"^ 

Digestible 


H-O  Co. ,  Buffalo,  N.Y...  Groton,  Groton  Grain  Co. 

"  "  "     ..[New  Britain,  C.  W.  Lines 

"  "  "     ..JNorwalk,    Holmes,    Keeler    & 

I     Selleck  Co - 

(Average  of  above  3  analyses 

{Guaranty 


ANALYSES    OF    COMMERCIAL    FEEDS.  53 

Sampled  in  1902. 


Analyses. 

Station  No. 

Water. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Fiber. 

Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum,etc.) 

Ether 
Extract. 

Price 
per  ton. 

731I 

9.78 

9-73 

5.60 

5^88 

8.06 

7.8 
8.01 

5-69 

14.90 

14.12 
6.78 

58.67 

59-51 
49-39 

2.99 
4.2 

2-75 
2.39 

$21.00 

•    7659 

9.90 

5.18 

9  37 
8.2 

12.40 

58.62 

4-53 
4.6 

20.00 

7582 

9-35 

4.14 

9.25 

8.3 

15.30 

58.77 

3.19 

3.0 

22.00 

7626 

10.27 

2. go 

8.81 
9-4 

10.43 

62.05 

5-54 
4.8 

26.00 

7656 

9.67 

3-99 

12.50 

10.64 

58.10 

5.10 

26.00 

7592 

9-47 

4.09 

12.50 

12.71 

56.03 

5.20 

30.00 

7438 

10. 1 1 

4.66 

13.12 

11.90 

55-15 

5.06 

27.50 

7413 

10.65 

3.88 

12.12 

10.06 

58.19 

5.10 

30.00 

7483 

9.96 
9-97 

4.28 
4.18 

13.06 

13.0 

12.66 

10.80 
11.22 

56.69 
56.84 

5.21 

5.0 

5-13 

28.00 
28.30 

7597 
7467 
7303 

9.49 
10.20 
10.37 

10.02 

3-13 
3.55 
3-49 

3-39 

12.62 
12.87 
12.81 
12.0 
12.77 
9-45 

9.98 

10.08 

9.71 

9.92 

3-47 

59.64 

58.71 

58.94 

59.10 
46.68 

5.14 
4-59 
4.68 

4.5 
4.80 

4-03 

29.00 
30.00 
29.00 

29.25 

7629 

9-57 

3-30 

12.75 

12.5 

9.44 

10.10 
3-54 

59.50 
47.00 

4.78 

4.5 

4.02 

29.00 

7469 

7583 

10.57 
9-55 

2.92 
3-47 

17.62 
16.94 

4-99 
4.80 

58.56 
60.08 

5.34 
5.16 

35.00 
35.00 

7655 

9.76 
9.96 

3.25 
3-21 

17.19 

17-25 
17.0 

4.53 
4-77 

60.38 
59-68 

4.89 
5-13 
5-5 

37.00 

54        CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION,    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  IV. — Continued.     Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds. 


Name  of  Feed. 


Manufacturer  or  Jobber. 


Retail  Dealer. 


7595 

7539 

7448 


7523 

7547 
7468 

7446 

7643 
7491 

7620 

7666 
7312 


7440 
7481 


H-O  Scratching  Feed 


Success  Poultry  Feed 


H-O  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.Y... 


Case  &  Co.,  Colchester. 


American  Poultry  Food  -'American  Cereal  Co., 
Chicago,  111 


Bone  and  Meat  Meal. 
Meat  Meal 


Rogers  Mfg.  Co., 
Rockfall 


Beef  Scrap 


Bone  and  Meat  Meal 


C.  M.   Shay,  Navy  Yard^ 
Conn 

Am.  Agr.  Chem.  Co., 
New  York 


McCoy  &  Best,  Peekskill 
N.  Y 


Meat  Meal The  Armour  Co., 

[     Chicago,  111 

Swift's  Lowell  Bone  and  Lowell  Fertilizer  Co. 
Meat  Meal Lowell ,  Mass. 


PROt>RIETARY  DaIRY  AND 

Stock  Feeds. 
Quaker  Dairy  Feed 


H-O  Dairy  Feed 


American  Cereal  Co. 
Chicago,  111.  - 


American  Cereal  Co, 
Chicago,  111 -- 

American  Cereal  Co. 
Chicago,  111 


H-O  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 


Bristol,  W.  O.  Goodsell 

Guaranty 

Colchester,  E.  F.  Strong 

Southington,  Southington  Lum- 
ber and  Feed  Co. 

Guaranty 

Danielson,  The  Young  Bros.  Co. 
Guaranty 

East  Hampton,  R.  H.  Hall 

Groton,  Groton  Grain  Co. 

Guaranty 

Southington,  Southington  Lum- 
ber and  Feed  Co. 

Guaranty. - 

Thompsonville,  H.  K.  Brainard 

Yantic,  A.  R.  Manning  &  Co... 
Guaranlj' 

Manchester,    Manchester   Elev. 
Co 

New  Canaan,  C.  H.  Fairty 

New  Haven,  R.  G.  Davis 

Guaranty. - 

Average  of  above  3  analyses 

Average  digestible 

Meriden,  Meriden  Grain  &  Feed 

Co. 

New  London,  Beebe  &  Bragaw 
Guaranty .. 

Average  of  above  2  analyses 

Average  digestible 


analyses   of  commercial  feeds. 
Sampled  in  1902. 


55 


12.09 
"■73 

6.94 

14-35 
8.35 

5-99 

7.43 
10.62 


8.46 
9.29 

s.'ss 


10.08 

9,42 
9.75 


2.26 


2.94 

46.98 

21.50 
26.36 

40.26 

4.67 
27-50 


5-21 

5-30 
4.46 
4.99 


3-98 
4.02 

4.00 


11.87 
12.0 

13-37 


14-56 
14.0 


28.31 
40.0 


46.87 

49.00 
50.0 


36.75 
41.4 


66.25 

50.75 
50.0 


14.81 
14.44 

14.25 

14.0 

14.50 


18.25 

17-19 
18.0 
17.72 
13-82 


2.69 


4-44 


4-78 


r4.95 
15-76 

15.88 

15.53 
6.37 


12.43 
14.05 

13.24 
5-43 


Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starchjgum,  etc. 


Ether 
Extract. 


67.30 
61.85 

59-87 


52.42 

52.51 
52.65 

52.53 
36.77 


50.64 
50.66 

50.65 
35.45 


3.70 
30 

4.27 


6.12 
4.50 


14.28 
15.0 


13.66 

13.86 
16.0 


13.94 
19.8 


14.97 

10.07 
lO.O 


3.72 

3-53 

3.47 
3.5 
3-57 
307 


4.62 

4.66 

4-5 

4.64 

3-99 


Price 
per  ton. 


$38.00 
30.00 

32.00 

38.00 

50.00 
45.00 

34.00 

40.00 
40.00 


21.00 
21.00 
21.00 
21.00 


30.00 
30.00 


56        CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION^    BULLETIN    I4I. 

Table  IV. — Continued.     Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds. 


7442 
7569 

7563 

7670 
7705 

7604 
7630 

7628 
7691 


Name  of  Feed. 


The  Great  Western  Dairy 
Feed    

The  Great  Western  Dairy 
Feed    


Daisy  Dairy  Feed. 


Lenox  Stock  Food. 


Chester  Stock  Feed 

Empire  State  Cow  Feed  . 

Creamer}'  Feed 


Great  Western  Cereal 
Co.,  Chicago,  111 

Great  Western  Cereal 
Co.,  Chicago,  111. 


Great     Western      Cereal 
Co.,  Chicago,  111 


Strong  &  Lefferts  Co., 
New  York.. .. 

Strong  &  Leiferts  Co,, 
New  York 


Chester  Mills,  New  York 


The  Diamond   Mill,  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y 


Meriden,  S.  A.  Billings. 


Middletown,  Meech  &  Stoddard 

Guaranty 

Average  of  above  2  analyses 


Willimantic,  H.  A.   Bugbee 

Guaranty 

Danbury,  F.  C.Benjamin  &  Co. 

Waterbury,  D.  L.  Dickinson 

Guaranty  . 

Average  of  above  2  analyses 


Hartford,  Daniels  Mills  Co. 
Guaranty 


Suffield,  Arthur  Sikes 
Guaranty 


BuflFalo   Cereal  Co.,  Buf-! 

falo,  N.  Y Suffield,  Arthur  Sikes 


Dairy  Feed ...[Buffalo  Cereal   Co.,  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y Suffield,  Arthur  Sikes  .. 

Blatchford's  Calf  Meal  ..iThe  Bardwell  Mills, 

Waukegan,  111 .Winsted,  Balch  &  Piatt. 

Guaranty 


analyses  of  commercial  feeds. 
Sampled  in  1902, 


57 


An 

ALYSES. 

d 

c 
0 

rt 

Water. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Fiber. 

Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum.etc.) 

Ether 
Extract. 

Price 
per  ton. 

7442 

9.60 

7.06 

II. 81 

20.20 

48.98 

2.35 

$22.00 

7569 

8.09 

6.00 

9-37 

21.47 

52.00 

3-07 

22.00 

.... 



12.2 



-  -  .. 

3.2 

8.85 

6.S3 

10.59 

20.83 

50.49 

2.71 

7563 

9.01 

7.82 

9-56 

24.86 

46.67 

2.08 

20.00 





12.2 





3.2 

7670 

11.06 

2.49 

10.37 

6.72 

64.52 

4.84 

27.00 

7705 

II. 01 

2.88 

10.12 

7.75 

63.74 

4.50 

24.00 

11.03 

2^68 

10.4 
10.25 

7-23 

64.14 

3-3 
4.67 

7604 

10.82 

2,72 

12.87 

9.29 

60.11 

4.19 

26.CO 





9.0 



3-5 

7630 

9.87 

8.71 

14.25 

15-75 

47.74 

3.68 

20.00 





14.9 





3-5 

7628 

9.22 

3.90 

20.37 

11.36 

50.72 

4-43 

26.00 

7627 

6.28 

3-70 

14.31 

13.84 

57-47 

4.40 

26.00 

7691 

II. 41 

4.84 

25.53 

4.61 

49.40 

4.21 

70.00 



1 

26.0 



1 

5-0 

58  CONNECTICUT  EXPERIMENT  STATION  REPORT,   I902. 

EXPLANATIONS  OF  ANALYSES  OF  FEEDING 
STUFFS. 

An  analysis  gives  the  percentage  amounts  of  Water,  Ash, 
Protein,   Fiber,   Nitrogen-free   Extract,   and   Fat. 

Percentage  Amount  is  the  amount  in  100.  If  the  protein  in 
a  feed  is  17.5  per  cent.,  every  100  pounds  of  that  feed  contains 
17.5  pounds  of  protein;  and  since  a  ton  is  twenty  hundred 
pounds,  a  ton  of  the  feed  will  contain  twenty  times  17.5,  or 
350  pounds  of  protein. 

Water.  However  dry  a  feeding  stuff  may  appear  to  be,  it 
always  contains  a  considerable  and  variable  quantity  of  water 
which  cannot  be  seen  or  felt,  but  which  can  be  driven  out  by 
heat.  The  amount  of  water  thus  present  in  feeding  stuffs  is 
constantly  changing  with  the  temperature  and  dryness  of  the 
air  about  them,  and  accordingly  no  close  comparison  of  differ- 
ent foods  is  possible  unless  the  proportions  of  water  they  con- 
tain are  known  and  comparison  is  made  on  perfectly  dry  or 
water-free  substance. 

Ash  is  what  is  left  when  the  combustible  part  of  a  feeding 
stuff  is  burned  away  by  heating  to  faint  redness  in  a  current  of 
air  and  besides  a  little  charcoal  and  sand,  which  are  accidental 
impurities,  consists  chiefly  of  lime,  magnesia,  potash  and  soda, 
combined  with  chlorine  and  carbonic,  sulphuric  and  phosphoric 
acids. 

Protein  is  a  general  term  which  includes  all  those  nitrogenous 
materials  of  a  concentrated  feeding  stuff  which  bears  a  general 
resemblance  in  composition  and  properties  to  egg  albumin 
(white  of  Qgg) ,  flesh  fibrin  (lean  meat),  and  milk  casein 
(curd).  These  nitrogenous  materials  are  the  most  costly- 
ingredients  of  feeds. 

Nitrogen- free  Extract,  sometimes  called  Carbohydrates,  in- 
cludes starch,  gum,  sugar  and  pectin  bodies.  They  are  readily 
extracted  from  the  feeding  stuff"  by  water  and  dilute  acid. 

Fiber  is  the  essential  constituent  of  the  walls  of  vegetable 
cells  and  is  seen  in  a  nearly  pure  state  in  cotton  fiber  or  paper 
pulp.  It  is  the  most  insoluble  part  of  the  vegetable  substance 
and  of  quite  subordinate  value  in  the  ration. 

Ether  Extract  includes  fat  oil,  solid  fat,  wax,  chlorophyl  (the 
green  coloring  matter  of  plants),  and  other  coloring  matters, 
in  brief  everything  which  can  be  extracted  from  the  perfectly 
dry  feeding  stuff  by  absolute  ether. 


EXPLANATIONS    OF   ANALYSES    OF    FEEDS.  S9 

Regarding  the  uses  of  the  above-named  parts  of  feeds : 

Water  and  ash  need  not  be  considered,  for  while  indispensa- 
ble to  stock  both  are  abundantly  supplied  in  other  ways  than 
in  bought  feed. 

Protein  may  easily  be  made  over  by  the  animal  into  its  own 
substance,  i.  e.,  into  muscles,  tendons  and  the  various  working 
tissues  and  membranes,  because  these  necessary  parts  of  the 
animal  machine  are  themselves  made  up  of  the  same  kind  of 
materials,  or,  chemically  speaking,  have  the  same  composition 
as  the  protein  bodies. 

Fiber  and  the  nitrogen-free  extract,  on  the  other  hand,  proba- 
bly cannot  serve  at  all  for  building  up  the  muscles  and  other 
parts  of  the  growing  animal  and  cannot  restore  the  waste  and 
wear  of  those  parts  of  mature  animals,  because  they  are  of  a 
very  different  nature.  They  contain  no  nitrogen,  an  element 
which  enters  into  all  the  animal  tissues  (proteins)  to  the  extent 
of  some  sixteen  per  cent,  of  their  dry  matter. 

Fiber  and  the  nitrogen-free  extract  cannot  restore  the  worn- 
out  muscles  or  membranes  of  the  animal  any  more  than  coal 
can  be  made  to  renew  the  used-up  packing,  bolts,  valves,  flues 
and  gearing  of  a  steam-engine.  Proteins  are  to  the  ox  or  the 
man  what  brass  and  iron  are  to  the  machine,  the  materials  of 
construction  and  repair. 

Fat,  fiber  and  nitrogen-free  extract  are,  furthermore,  to  the 
animal  very  much  what  coal  and  fuel  are  to  the  steam-engine. 
Their  consumption  generates  the  power  wdiich  runs  the  mechan- 
ism. Their  burning  (oxidation)  in  the  blood  of  animals  pro- 
duces the  results  of  life  just  as  the  combustion  of  coal  in  the 
fire-place  of  the  steam-engine  produces  the  motion  and  power 
of  that  mxachine.  For  this  combustion  in  the  system,  digestible 
fat  has  more  than  twice  the  value  of  digestible  nitrogen-free 
extract. 

There  is,  however,  this  difference  between  the  engine  and 
the  animal :  the  former  may  be  stopped  for  repairs,  the  latter 
tnay  run  at  a  lower  rate,  but  if  it  be  stopped  it  cannot  resume 
work.  Hence  the  repairs  of  the  animal  must  go  on  simulta- 
neously with  its  wastes.  Therefore,  the  material  of  which  it  is 
built  must  admit  of  constant  replacement,  and  the  dust  and 
shreds  of  its  wear  and  tear  must  admit  of  escape  without 
impeding  action.  The  animal  body  is  as  if  an  engine  were  fed 
not  only  with  coal  and  water,  but  with  iron,  brass  and  all  the 


6o  CONNECTICUT  EXPERIMENT  STATION  REPORT,   I902. 

materials  for  its  repair,  and  also  is  as  if  the  engine  consumed 
its  own  worn-out  parts,  voiding  them  as  ashes  or  as  gas  and 
smoke.  Proteids  or  the  blood-  and  tissue-formers  are  thus 
consumed  in  the  animal,  as  well  as  the  fat,  fiber  and  nitrogen- 
free  extract  or  fuel  proper.  The  fact  that  proteids  admit  of 
consumption  implies  that  when  the  proper  fuel  is  insufficient, 
they  may  themselves  serve  as  fuel.  Such  is  the  case,  in  fact. 
But,  nevertheless,  the  two  classes  of  substances  have  distinct 
offices  in  animal  nutrition,  and  experience  has  demonstrated  that 
for  each  special  case  of  animal  nutrition  a  special  ratio  of  digesti-  \  *'; 
ble  proteids  to  digestible  fat,  fiber  and  nitrogen-free  extract  is 
the  best  and  most  economical,  and,  within  certain  limits,  is  <  ^- 
necessary. 

The  Uses  of  Analyses  of  Feeding  Stuffs. 

These  uses  are  several.  First,  by  an  analysis  compared  with 
the  average  of  others,  any  buyer  of  a  feed  can  see  whether  it  is 
of  the  usual  quality.  Thus  on  page  27,  the  analysis  of  cotton 
seed  meal.  No.  7660,  compared  with  the  average  of  eight  analyses 
given  on  the  same  page,  shows  that  its  quality  is  below  average 
as  regards  protein,  the  most  valuable  ingredient. 

Secondly,  by  an  analysis  compared  with  the  manufacturer's 
guaranty  any  buyer  can  see  whether  in  composition  the  feed 
meets  what  is  claimed  for  it.  Thus  on  page  57  the  analysis  of 
sample  No.  7569  shows  that  the  feed  contained  about  3  per 
cent,  less  of  protein  than  it  was  stated  by  the  manufacturer  to 
contain. 

Thirdly,  an  analysis  often  shows  clearly  whether  or  not  the 
feed  is  adulterated  and  may  indicate  also  the  form  of  adultera- 
tion. This  ■  use  is  fully  illustrated  by  the  discussion  of  adul- 
terated wheat  feeds  on  pages  8  to  10  of  this  bulletin. 

Fourthly,  comparison  of  analyses  of  a  number  of  kinds  of  feed 
with  their  prices  will  greatly  help  in  deciding  whether  any  one 
of  them  is  worth  to  the  feeder  what  is  asked  for  it.  Too  often 
the  prices  of  feeds  bear  no  relation  to  their  real  feeding  value. 

Lastly,  the  chief  use  of  these  tables  by  feeders  should  be  as 
a  guide  to  the  skillful  compounding  of  rations  for  farm  ani- 
mals. How  this  is  done  cannot  be  briefly  explained  within  the 
limits  of  a  bulletin.  A  knowledge  of  the  principles  of  cattle 
feeding  is  essential,  which  should  be  gathered  by  studying  books 
which  treat  of  the -firinqinles  of  cattle-feeding  and  of  the  art  of 
compounding  rat-Ions./   Z       '■->  Z  c 


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